Graphene (GR) was synthesized from natural graphene powder by chemical oxidation-reduction method. Graphene/polyaniline (GR/PANI) film anode was prepared by electrochemical modification and used in fixed-bed microbial fuel cell (MFC) to examine the electrochemical performance of the prepared anodes. The prepared anodes were characterized by IR spectrum

X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM)

respectively. The electrochemical properties were studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Polyaniline evenly attached to graphene and GR/PANI film electrode had good reversibility

small resistance and good electrical conductivity. When the GR/PANI film anode was used in MFC

maximum output power density and open circuit voltage were up to 230.2 mW·m-2 and 834.6 mV respectively

110.6% and 34.8% higher than those of unmodified anode. The resistance of GR/PANI film anode also decreased from 843.2 Ω of the unmodified anode to 469.4 Ω. The experiment results indicated that

the GR/PANI composite was an excellent electrode material

and the MFC with GR/PANI film anode showed good electricity production performance.