用废弃煤矸石制备高比表面积的SiO2-Al2O3二元复合气凝胶

刘博; 刘墨祥; 陈晓平

doi:10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20161577

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用废弃煤矸石制备高比表面积的SiO₂-Al₂O₃二元复合气凝胶

能源和环境工程 | 更新时间：2025-12-10

- 用废弃煤矸石制备高比表面积的SiO₂-Al₂O₃二元复合气凝胶
- Preparation of SiO₂-Al₂O₃ composite aerogel with high specific surface area by sol-gel method from coal gangue
- 化工学报 2017年第5期页码：2096-2104
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 东南大学能源与环境学院, 能源热转换及其过程测控教育部重点实验室,江苏,南京,210096
  2. 南京弥新宇材料科技有限公司,江苏,南京,210032
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20161577
  中图分类号： Q09
- 网络首发：2017-05-05，
  
  纸质出版：2017-05-05
- 稿件说明：
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刘博, 刘墨祥, 陈晓平. 用废弃煤矸石制备高比表面积的SiO₂-Al₂O₃二元复合气凝胶[J]. 化工学报, 2017,(5):2096-2104. DOI: 10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20161577.

LIU Bo, LIU Moxiang, CHEN Xiaoping. Preparation of SiO₂-Al₂O₃ composite aerogel with high specific surface area by sol-gel method from coal gangue[J]. CIESC Journal, 2017, (5): 2096-2104. DOI: 10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20161577.
刘博, 刘墨祥, 陈晓平. 用废弃煤矸石制备高比表面积的SiO₂-Al₂O₃二元复合气凝胶[J]. 化工学报, 2017,(5):2096-2104. DOI: 10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20161577. DOI：

LIU Bo, LIU Moxiang, CHEN Xiaoping. Preparation of SiO₂-Al₂O₃ composite aerogel with high specific surface area by sol-gel method from coal gangue[J]. CIESC Journal, 2017, (5): 2096-2104. DOI: 10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20161577. DOI：

摘要

以兖州煤矸石为原料，经过低温焙烧、酸浸除杂、碱熔活化，采用溶胶-凝胶法和真空干燥法制备完整的块状SiO2-Al2O3二元复合气凝胶。通过X射线衍射、扫描电镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱、氮气吸附等检测手段对原料、SiO2-Al2O3气凝胶及其制备过程中得到的中间产物的物理、化学特性进行表征，研究SiO2-Al2O3凝胶的形成机制。实验结果表明，煤矸石经过酸浸除去了大部分的铁、钾、碱土金属等杂质。在经过碱熔活化后，煤矸石主要组分石英和高岭石均转化为非晶态，反应活性提高。制备得到的SiO2-Al2O3气凝胶是以Si-O-Si、Si-O-Al网络结构为骨架的非晶态纳米颗粒聚集体，其堆积密度0.37 g·cm-3，比表面积483 m2·g-1，比孔容1.87 cm3·g-1，平均孔径10.29 nm，最可几孔径9.32 nm，具有较好的介孔特征。

Abstract

SiO2-Al2O3 aerogel has been synthesized by sol-gel method followed by vacuum drying from Yanzhou coal gangue. Coal gangue was treated in the sequence of low temperature calcination

acid leaching

alkali-activation and sol-gel method. The physical and chemical characteristics of coal gangue

SiO2-Al2O3 aerogel and the intermediate products during the synthesizing process were investigated by means of X-ray diffraction

scanning electron microscope

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nitrogen adsorption

and the gelation mechanism of SiO2-Al2O3 was studied. The results showed that both quartz and kaolinite

which were the main constituents of coal gangue

were transformed into amorphous state after alkali-activation. The SiO2-Al2O3 aerogel was an aggregation of amorphous nanoparticles formed by Si-O-Si

Si-O-Al network skeleton. The SiO2-Al2O3 aerogel had a bulk density of 0.37 g·cm-3

a BET specific surface area of 483 m2·g-1 and a mesoporous structure with a specific pore volume of 1.87 cm3·g-1 and an average pore diameter of 10.29 nm with most probable pore size of 9.32 nm.

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