has been widely used as an intermediate for preparing phosphororganic insecticides
medications
explosives and synthetic dyes. Control and removal of PNP is always a research focus. Soil aquifer treatment (SAT) system is a widely used wastewater treatment system with better efficiency and low cost
which is also used for artificial aquifer recharge. The present study investigated PNP removal in the SAT system under abiotic and bio-augmentation conditions using 1D columns. PNP was removed well in both cases. Soil adsorption was the main mechanism under abiotic condition. The depth of soil for effective treatment was 60 cm
and removal rates reached 10% for coarse
medium-coarse and fine sand columns. Under bio-augmentation condition
PNP removal rate with addtional bio-degradation increased to 88.5%.