Constructed wetland-microbial fuel cell (CW-MFC) is a newly emerging device in which electricity can be generated by microorganisms that use wastewater and root exudates as fuel. The novelty of this system is enhanced purifying effect of treating wastewater and simultaneously electricity generation by embedding MFC into CW. The effectiveness of the system depends on the configuration of reactor

the operational and environmental parameters. Identification and optimization of these parameters are important to enhance the efficiency of the hybrid system. In this review following the introduction and explanation of the principle

the development process and the present situation of CW-MFC systems

the factors influencing the performance of the systems were described focusing on the major components including plants

microorganisms

electrodes and separators

and the impact of important variables involving carbon source

oxidation reduction potential and hydraulic retention time. The problems in this field of the CW-MFC systems were summarized and the potential applications in the future were prospected.