单机双级压缩技术提升R454B空气源热泵低温制热性能的研究

旷文琦; 陈旗; 熊通; 晏刚; 刘洋; 翟元彬; 赵文钊; 刘群波

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20260937

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单机双级压缩技术提升R454B空气源热泵低温制热性能的研究

能源和环境工程 | 更新时间：2026-08-24

- 单机双级压缩技术提升R454B空气源热泵低温制热性能的研究
- Research on improving low-temperature heating performance of air-source heat pumps using single-unit two-stage compression technology
- 化工学报 2026年
- 作者机构：
  
  1.西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院，陕西西安710049
  2.广东美的制冷设备有限公司，广东佛山528000
  3.广东美芝制冷设备有限公司，广东佛山528000
- 作者简介：
  
  旷文琦（1986—），男，硕士研究生，高级工程师，20974@163.com
  陈旗（1990—），男，博士，副教授，qichen@mail.xjtu.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目(52006165)
- DOI：10.11949/0438-1157.20260937
  中图分类号： TM 925.1
- 收稿：2026-07-08，
  
  修回：2026-08-22，
  
  录用：2026-08-24，
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
旷文琦, 陈旗, 熊通, 等. 单机双级压缩技术提升R454B空气源热泵低温制热性能的研究[J/OL]. 化工学报, 2026.

KUANG Wenqi, CHEN Qi, XIONG Tong, et al. Research on improving low-temperature heating performance of air-source heat pumps using single-unit two-stage compression technology[J/OL]. CIESC Journal, 2026.
旷文琦, 陈旗, 熊通, 等. 单机双级压缩技术提升R454B空气源热泵低温制热性能的研究[J/OL]. 化工学报, 2026. DOI： 10.11949/0438-1157.20260937.

KUANG Wenqi, CHEN Qi, XIONG Tong, et al. Research on improving low-temperature heating performance of air-source heat pumps using single-unit two-stage compression technology[J/OL]. CIESC Journal, 2026. DOI： 10.11949/0438-1157.20260937.

摘要

针对空气源热泵在低温环境下制热性能衰减与运行可靠性降低的问题，提出一种基于单机双级滚动转子压缩机与两相喷射控制的R454B低温热泵系统。通过理论分析与实验研究，在-30℃至8.3℃的宽温区内，对比测试了容积比为0.6与0.7的双级压缩方案，并系统优化了补气控制策略。结果表明：容积比0.7的系统在全工况范围内综合表现更优，在超低温工况下COP与0.6方案接近且排气温度更低、运行频率更低，综合可靠性更好；对比单相补气策略，两相喷射技术在-15℃以下能更有效降低排气温度、提升制热能力，且存在与工况相关的最优补气量区间；相比传统单级补气增焓系统，双级压缩系统在-15℃及-26℃工况下COP提升约5%~8%，运行频率降低4~7Hz，排气温度控制显著改善，表现出更好的低温适应性、能效与可靠性。研究为寒冷气候下空气源热泵的系统设计与控制策略提供了实验依据与优化方向。

Abstract

To address the performance degradation and reduced operational reliability of air-source heat pumps under low-temperature conditions

an R454B low-temperature heat pump system based on a single-unit two-stage rolling-rotor compressor and two-phase injection control is proposed. Through theoretical analysis and experimental research

two-stage compression schemes with volume ratios of 0.6 and 0.7 were comparatively tested over a wide temperature range from -30℃ to 8.3℃

and the vapor-injection control strategy was systematically optimized. The results indicate that the system with a volume ratio of 0.7 exhibits superior comprehensive performance across the full operating range; under extremely low-temperature conditions

its COP is comparable to that of the 0.6 scheme

while achieving lower discharge temperature and lower operating frequency

thus demonstrating better overall reliability; compared with the single-phase injection strategy

the two-phase injection technique more effectively reduces discharge temperature and enhances heating capacity below -15℃

with an optimal injection mass flow range that varies with operating conditions. Compared with the conventional single-stage vapor-injection enthalpy-enhancement system

the two-stage compression system achieves a COP improvement of approximately 5%-8% at -15℃ and -26℃

reduces operating frequency by 4-7Hz and substantially improves discharge temperature control

demonstrating better low-temperature adaptability

energy efficiency

and reliability. This study provides experimental evidence and optimization directions for the system design and control strategy of air-source heat pumps in cold climates.

关键词

Keywords

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