化学吸收法碳捕集工艺的能效优化研究

马晓迅; 高庆春; 崔建忠; 季腾辉; 王运凯; 孟钦辉; 潘一搏; 陈育葆; 李帅鹏; 王宇豪; 王盛哲; 张一博

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20260548

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化学吸收法碳捕集工艺的能效优化研究

分离工程 | 更新时间：2026-08-04

- 化学吸收法碳捕集工艺的能效优化研究
- Research on energy efficiency optimization of carbon capture process based on chemical absorption method
- 化工学报 2026年
- 作者机构：
  
  1.西北大学化工学院，西北大学碳中和学院，科技部碳氢资源清洁利用国际科技合作基地，陕北能源先进化工利用技术教育部工程研究中心，陕西省洁净煤转化工程技术研究中心，陕北能源化工产业发展协同创新中心，陕西西安 710127
  2.北京迪威尔石油天然气技术开发有限公司，北京 100085
- 作者简介：
  
  马晓迅（1957—），男，教授， maxym@nwu.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  榆林市科技计划项目(CXY-2023-ZX03)
- DOI：10.11949/0438-1157.20260548
  中图分类号： TQ028.8
- 收稿：2026-04-16，
  
  修回：2026-08-03，
  
  录用：2026-08-04，
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
马晓迅, 高庆春, 崔建忠, 等. 化学吸收法碳捕集工艺的能效优化研究[J/OL]. 化工学报, 2026.

MA Xiaoxun, GAO Qingchun, CUI Jianzhong, et al. Research on energy efficiency optimization of carbon capture process based on chemical absorption method[J/OL]. CIESC Journal, 2026.
马晓迅, 高庆春, 崔建忠, 等. 化学吸收法碳捕集工艺的能效优化研究[J/OL]. 化工学报, 2026. DOI： 10.11949/0438-1157.20260548.

MA Xiaoxun, GAO Qingchun, CUI Jianzhong, et al. Research on energy efficiency optimization of carbon capture process based on chemical absorption method[J/OL]. CIESC Journal, 2026. DOI： 10.11949/0438-1157.20260548.

摘要

化学吸收是最成熟的二氧化碳捕集技术，然而，高再生能耗制约其大规模工业应用。本研究以撬装式化学吸收碳捕集系统为研究对象，以降低再生能耗为核心目标，通过高效填料筛选、热泵工质优选、节能工艺耦合，系统开展能效优化研究。首先，实验筛选出高效填料，建立Aspen Plus基准模型，确定最优操作工况。随后，系统研究了机械蒸汽再压缩（MVR）、压缩式热泵、吸收塔级间冷却、烟气分流等单一节能工艺，并进一步提出热泵-烟气分流、热泵-级间冷却、MVR-烟气分流等耦合工艺。在此基础上，创新性地提出MVR-压缩式热泵深度耦合工艺，将热泵热源的解吸塔

塔顶取热改为吸收塔的级间取热，在实现级间冷却的同时为热泵提供稳定的热源。进一步，通过系统考察，解明了MVR闪蒸压力与热泵压缩比对系统能耗的协同影响。该工艺在最优工况下能耗降至2.440 MJ/kgCO

，节能率达44.6%。为工业碳捕集系统提供极具参考价值的技术优化方案。

Abstract

Chemical absorption is the most mature technology for CO

capture. However

its large-scale industrial application is still constrained by the high energy consumption required for solvent regeneration. In this work

a skid-mounted chemical absorption carbon capture system is selected as the research object

with reduction of regeneration energy consumption as the primary objective. Systematic energy-efficiency optimization is carried out through high-efficiency packing screening

heat pump working-fluid selection

and energy-saving process integration. First

high-efficiency packing is selected through experiments

and an Aspen Plus benchmark model is established to determine the optimal operating conditions. Then

several single energy-saving processes

including mechanical vapor recompression (MVR)

compression heat pump

interstage cooling of the absorption tower

and flue gas splitting

are systematically investigated. Based on these results

coupled processes

such as heat pump-flue gas splitting

heat pump-interstage cooling

and MVR-flue gas splitting

are further proposed and evaluated. On this basis

an innovative MVR-compression heat pump deep-coupling process is proposed. In this process

the heat source for the heat pump is shifted from heat extraction at the top of the desorption tower to interstage heat extraction from the absorption tower. This modification provides a more stable heat source for the heat pump while simultaneously enabling interstage cooling. Furthermore

systematic analysis clarifies the synergistic effect of MVR flash pressure and heat pump compression ratio on overall system energy consumption. Under the optimal operating conditions

the energy consumption of the proposed process decreases to 2.440 MJ/kgCO

corresponding to an energy-savin

g rate of 44.6%. This study provides a valuable technical optimization scheme for industrial carbon capture systems.

关键词

Keywords

references

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