驱油用延展型表面活性剂研究进展与展望

金恒仟; 尹相汛; 张宇轩; 孟尧; 张红如; 程浩然

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20260547

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驱油用延展型表面活性剂研究进展与展望

综述与专论 | 更新时间：2026-07-17

- 驱油用延展型表面活性剂研究进展与展望
- Research progress and development prospect of extended surfactants for enhanced oil recovery
- 化工学报 2026年
- 作者机构：
  
  青岛科技大学化工学院，高性能有机光学聚合物与先进制造技术全国重点实验室，山东青岛 266042
- 作者简介：
  
  金恒仟（1996-），男，博士研究生，j1582663@163.com
  张红如（1996-），女，博士，副教授，zhanghr103@163.com
  程浩然（1988-），男，博士，教授，chenghaoran@qust.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  国家科技重大专项(2024ZD1406601);中国石油科技创新基金项目(2024DQ02-0118);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2025QC500)
- DOI：10.11949/0438-1157.20260547
  中图分类号： TQ423
- 收稿：2026-04-15，
  
  修回：2026-07-16，
  
  录用：2026-07-17，
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
金恒仟, 尹相汛, 张宇轩, 等. 驱油用延展型表面活性剂研究进展与展望[J/OL]. 化工学报, 2026.

JIN Hengqian, YIN Xiangxun, ZHANG Yuxuan, et al. Research progress and development prospect of extended surfactants for enhanced oil recovery[J/OL]. CIESC Journal, 2026.
金恒仟, 尹相汛, 张宇轩, 等. 驱油用延展型表面活性剂研究进展与展望[J/OL]. 化工学报, 2026. DOI： 10.11949/0438-1157.20260547.

JIN Hengqian, YIN Xiangxun, ZHANG Yuxuan, et al. Research progress and development prospect of extended surfactants for enhanced oil recovery[J/OL]. CIESC Journal, 2026. DOI： 10.11949/0438-1157.20260547.

摘要

化学驱是通过改变储层油、水、岩石多相界面活性提高原油采收率（EOR）的重要技术手段，对保障我国能源安全具有重要意义。传统表面活性剂在高温、高盐的油藏条件下，面临易沉淀、失活等严峻挑战。延展型表面活性剂（E-表面活性剂）凭借其独特的“疏水尾链-聚醚连接链-亲水头基”结构，展现出较好的耐温、抗盐和高界面活性而备受关注。本文围绕E-表面活性剂在油藏化学驱中的应用，系统梳理其分子构建策略、界面作用机理及应用效果，深入剖析了疏水尾链、聚醚中间链（PPO/PEO）和亲水头基的结构效应，总结了E-表面活性剂降低油水界面张力的微观行为，并归纳了其与原油组分的定量匹配规律。结合高温高盐砂岩、碳酸盐岩及稠油油藏的矿场实践案例，总结了其在苛刻条件下EOR的作用优势。未来延展型表面活性剂研究应持续在结构设计智能化和复配体系高效绿色化方面攻关，建立全生命周期综合评价体系，从而推动延展型表面活性剂在进一步提高采收率技术中发挥更大作用，拓展化学驱技术的应用范围。

Abstract

Chemical flooding is a crucial technical approach to enhancing oil recovery (EOR) by modifying the multiphase interfacial activity among reservoir oil

water

and rock

holding strategic significance for securing national energy supplies. Under harsh reservoir conditions

conventional surfactants face severe challenges such as high precipitation tendencies and deactivation. Extended surfactants (E-surfactants)

featuring a unique “hydrophobic tail - polyether linker - hydrophilic head” architecture

have garnered significant attention due to their superior thermal stability

salt tolerance

and high interfacial activity. Focusing on the application of E-surfactants in reservoir chemical flooding

this paper systematically reviews their molecular construction strategies

interfacial interaction mechanisms

and application performance. It provides an in-depth analysis of the structural effects of hydrophobic tails

polyether intermediate chains (PPO/PEO)

and hydrophilic headgroups; summarizes the microscopic behaviors of E-surfactants in reducing oil-water interfacial tension (IFT); and outlines the quantitative matching rules between E-surfactants and crude oil components. Furthermore

based on field pilots in high temperatures and high salinity sandstone

carbonate

and heavy oil reservoirs

the operational advantages of E-surfactants in boosting recovery under hostile conditions are synthesized. Future research on extended surfactants should continuously focus on intelligent molecular design and high-efficiency

green formulation development

alongside establishing a comprehensive life-cycle evaluation system. This will further empower extended surfactants to play a greater role in EOR technologies and expand the application scope of chemical flooding.

关键词

Keywords

references

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