考虑返原效应的橡胶密封硫化成型过程数值模拟研究

聂诗影; 徐国成; 柯玉超; 张兆想; 郭飞

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20260492

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

考虑返原效应的橡胶密封硫化成型过程数值模拟研究

催化、动力学与反应器 | 更新时间：2026-06-27

- 考虑返原效应的橡胶密封硫化成型过程数值模拟研究
- Numerical simulation study on rubber seal molding process considering vulcanization reversion
- 化工学报 2026年
- 作者机构：
  
  1.福州大学机械工程及自动化学院，福建福州 350108
  2.安徽省高性能橡胶材料及制品重点实验室，安徽宁国 242300
  3.清华大学高端装备界面科学与技术全国重点实验室，北京 100084
- 作者简介：
  
  聂诗影（2002—），女，硕士研究生， 3090944967@qq.com
  张兆想（1991—），男，博士，副教授，zhangzxpro@126.com
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目(52305186);福建省自然科学基金面上项目(2026J001105);中国高校产学研创新基金-数智科教项目(2023RY023)
- DOI：10.11949/0438-1157.20260492
  中图分类号： TQ 330.67
- 收稿：2026-04-10，
  
  修回：2026-06-26，
  
  录用：2026-06-27，
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
聂诗影, 徐国成, 柯玉超, 等. 考虑返原效应的橡胶密封硫化成型过程数值模拟研究[J/OL]. 化工学报, 2026.

NIE Shiying, XU Guocheng, KE Yuchao, et al. Numerical simulation study on rubber seal molding process considering vulcanization reversion[J/OL]. CIESC Journal, 2026.
聂诗影, 徐国成, 柯玉超, 等. 考虑返原效应的橡胶密封硫化成型过程数值模拟研究[J/OL]. 化工学报, 2026. DOI： 10.11949/0438-1157.20260492.

NIE Shiying, XU Guocheng, KE Yuchao, et al. Numerical simulation study on rubber seal molding process considering vulcanization reversion[J/OL]. CIESC Journal, 2026. DOI： 10.11949/0438-1157.20260492.

摘要

橡胶硫化是决定制品质量的关键工序，其过程包含诱导、硫化及返原三个阶段，返原虽仅存在于某些特定橡胶体系，但显著影响制品性能与寿命。为深入分析返原对硫化的影响，通过构建考虑返原的动力学模型与传热模型并进行耦合求解，实现了橡胶密封件的有限元仿真分析，获得了不同硫化工艺参数下包含三个阶段的胶料硫化程度变化规律。同时，针对典型结构密封件进行了硫化成型仿真，探讨了橡胶截面尺寸、硫化温度、反应热、温度波动及预热温度对橡胶密封硫化过程的影响，为橡胶密封件的实际生产提供了参考。

Abstract

Rubber vulcanization is a critical process determining the quality of rubber products

consisting of three stages: induction

vulcanization

and reversion. Although reversion only occurs in some specific rubber systems

it significantly affects the performance and service life of rubber products. To conduct an in-depth analysis of the influence of reversion on vulcanization

a kinetic model considering reversion and a heat transfer model were established and solved in a coupled manner

realizing the finite element simulation analysis of rubber seals. The variation laws of rubber compound vulcanization degree covering the three stages under different vulcanization process parameters were obtained. Meanwhile

vulcanization molding simulation was performed on rubber seals with typical structures

and the effects of rubber cross-sectional dimension

vulcanization temperature

reaction heat

temperature fluctuation

and preheating temperature on the vulcanization process of rubber seals were investigated

providing a reference for the actual production of rubber seals. The results show that smaller cross-sectional dimensions of rubber products and higher vulcanization temperatures lead to faster vulcanization; reaction heat can accelerate vulcanization

but its effect varies with rubber compounds and formulations; temperature fluctuation and preheating temperature have little overall impact on vulcanization

and appropriate conditions can be selected according to production requirements.

关键词

Keywords

references

谭桂斌 , 兰志成 , 欧静 . 橡塑密封安全可靠性和完整性的设计控制 [J ] . 润滑与密封 , 2017 , 42 ( 6 ): 119 - 125 .

Tan G B , Lan Z C , Ou J . Safe and integrity analysis for the reliability design control techniques of rubber and plastic sealing [J ] . Lubrication Engineering , 2017 , 42 ( 6 ): 119 - 125 .

朱则刚 . 解读橡胶制品的成型方法概要 [J ] . 中国轮胎资源综合利用 , 2021 ( 2 ): 39 - 48 .

Zhu Z G . Interpretation the outline of the molding method of rubber products [J ] . China Tire Resources Recycling , 2021 ( 2 ): 39 - 48 .

范汝良 , 张勇 , 张隐西 , 等 . NR传统硫化体系的抗硫化返原特性 [J ] . 轮胎工业 , 2001 , 21 ( 5 ): 280 - 286 .

Fan R L , Zhang Y , Zhang Y X , et al . Reversion resistance of conventional curing system for NR [J ] . Tire Industry , 2001 , 21 ( 5 ): 280 - 286 .

Bornstein D , Pazur R J . The sulfur reversion process in natural rubber in terms of crosslink density and crosslink density distribution [J ] . Polymer Testing , 2020 , 88 : 106524 .

黄琛 , 范汝良 , 张勇 , 等 . NR硫化返原过程的动力学研究 [J ] . 橡胶工业 , 2000 , 47 ( 4 ): 195 - 200 .

Huang C , Fan R L , Zhang Y , et al . Kinetics of reversion process in NR vulcanization [J ] . China Rubber Industry , 2000 , 47 ( 4 ): 195 - 200 .

戈明亮 , 阚长华 , 易玉华 , 等 . 橡胶硫化反应动力学研究概况 [J ] . 橡胶工业 , 2004 , 51 ( 10 ): 631 - 635 .

Ge M L , Kan C H , Yi Y H , et al . Study on reaction kinetics of rubber vulcanization [J ] . China Rubber Industry , 2004 , 51 ( 10 ): 631 - 635 .

蔡茂坤 , 郭飞 , 李凡珠 , 等 . 硫化成型工艺对橡胶密封服役性能影响的数值分析：由材料属性到制品性能 [J ] . 机械工程学报 , 2025 , 61 .

Cai M K , Guo F , Li F Z , et al . Numerical Analysis of the Effect of Vulcanization Process on the Service Performance of Rubber Seals: from Material Properties to Product Performance [J ] . Journal of Mechanical Engineering , 2025 , 61 .

Zhang Z X , Jia X H , Guo F , et al . Numerical analysis of heat transfer and chemical reaction coupling in the rubber seal vulcanization process [J ] . Rubber Chemistry and Technology , 2022 , 95 ( 2 ): 342 - 358 .

Zhang Z X , Guo F , Song W , et al . Empirical correction of kinetic model for polymer thermal reaction process based on first order reaction kinetics [J ] . Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering , 2021 , 38 : 132 - 144 .

Zhang Z X , Jia X H , Guo F , et al . Effect of vulcanization on the tribological behavior and sealing performance of EPDM seals: Experimentation and simulation [J ] . Tribology International , 2021 , 164 : 107219 .

李咏今 . 橡胶硫化曲线变化的数学模型拟合Ⅰ.有返原现象的硫化曲线 [J ] . 合成橡胶工业 , 1995 , 18 ( 1 ): 29 - 31 .

Li Y J . A mathematical model of rubber vulcanization curve change i. vulcanization curve for reversion characteristic [J ] . China Synthetic Rubber Industry , 1995 , 18 ( 1 ): 29 - 31 .

李咏今 . 橡胶硫化曲线变化的数学模型拟合Ⅱ.转矩上升的硫化曲线 [J ] . 合成橡胶工业 , 1995 , 18 ( 3 ): 168 - 170 .

Li Y J . A mathematical model fitting of rubber vulcanization curves ⅱ. vulcanization curves for rotative moment always rising [J ] . China Synthetic Rubber Industry , 1995 , 18 ( 3 ): 168 - 170 .

李咏今 . 橡胶硫化曲线变化的数学模型拟合Ⅲ.平坦型的硫化曲线 [J ] . 合成橡胶工业 , 1997 , 20 ( 2 ): 108 - 111 .

Li Y J . A mathematical model of rubber vulcanization curve changeⅲ. vulcanization curve for smooth type [J ] . China Synthetic Rubber Industry , 1997 , 20 ( 2 ): 108 - 111 .

Chen M M , Zhou Y , Shen Z X , et al . A crosslinking kinetic model considering reversion effect with verification and its application in thick rubber vulcanization process [J ] . Polymer , 2023 , 287 : 126443 .

Pianese G , Milani G , Milani F . Kinetic mathematical model with induction and reversion for the vulcanization of natural rubber and ethylene propylene diene monomer blend [J ] . Polymer Testing , 2024 , 131 : 108339 .

Lopes H , Silva S P , Carvalho J P , et al . A new modelling approach for predicting process evolution of cork-rubber composites slabs vulcanization [J ] . Scientific Reports , 2022 , 12 : 8002 .

Leroy E , Souid A , Deterre R . A continuous kinetic model of rubber vulcanization predicting induction and reversion [J ] . Polymer Testing , 2013 , 32 ( 3 ): 575 - 582 .

周池楼 , 梁宇涛 , 郑益然 . CB、SC填料对临氢密封用丁腈橡胶力学性能的影响 [J ] . 天然气工业 , 2026 , 46 ( 1 ): 197 - 205 .

Zhou C L , Liang Y T , Zheng Y R . Influence of CB and SC fillers on the mechanical performance of nitrile butadiene rubber used for hydrogen-exposed sealing [J ] . Natural Gas Industry , 2026 , 46 ( 1 ): 197 - 205 .

何铭彬 , 黄若铭 , 陈朝晖 , 等 . 抗硫化返原剂的合成与应用 [J ] . 弹性体 , 2022 , 32 ( 2 ): 67 - 71 .

He M B , Huang R M , Chen Z H , et al . Synthesis and application of anti-reversion agents [J ] . China Elastomerics , 2022 , 32 ( 2 ): 67 - 71 .

Pianese G , Milani G , Milani F . Prediction of the optimal vulcanization of a fiber-reinforced elastomeric isolator made of natural rubber-ethylene propylene diene monomer blend [J ] . Polymer Engineering & Science , 2023 , 63 ( 8 ): 2421 - 2443 .

Lubura J , Kojić P , Pavličević J , et al . A novel approach for simulation and optimization of rubber vulcanization [J ] . Polymers , 2023 , 15 ( 7 ): 1750 .

王国林 , 傅乃霁 , 张建 , 等 . 基于K-R动力学模型的子午线轮胎硫化过程仿真 [J ] . 吉林大学学报(工学版) , 2013 , 43 ( 3 ): 659 - 664 .

Wang G L , Fu N J , Zhang J , et al . Simulation of the radial tire curing process based on K-R kinetic model [J ] . Journal of Jilin University (Engineering and Technology Edition) , 2013 , 43 ( 3 ): 659 - 664 .

张建 , 唐文献 , 王国林 , 等 . 一种橡胶硫化有限元分析方法 [J ] . 橡胶工业 , 2012 , 59 ( 7 ): 401 - 407 .

Zhang J , Tang W X , Wang G L , et al . Finite element modeling of rubber curing process [J ] . China Rubber Industry , 2012 , 59 ( 7 ): 401 - 407 .

文将儒 , 李凡珠 , 杨海波 , 等 . 圆柱形橡胶试样硫化过程的有限元分析与实验研究 [J ] . 中国塑料 , 2020 , 34 ( 3 ): 40 - 47 .

Wen J R , Li F Z , Yang H B , et al . Finite element simulation and experimental study of vulcanization process for cylindrical rubber specimens [J ] . China Plastics , 2020 , 34 ( 3 ): 40 - 47 .

Han I S , Chung C B , Kang S J , et al . A kinetic model of reversion type cure for rubber compounds [J ] . Polymer (Korea) , 1998 , 22 ( 2 ): 223 - 230 .

郭飞 , 张兆想 , 宋炜 , 等 . 橡胶硫化过程数值模拟研究进展 [J ] . 化工学报 , 2020 , 71 ( 8 ): 3393 - 3402 .

Guo F , Zhang Z X , Song W , et al . Research progress in numerical simulation of rubber vulcanization [J ] . CIESC Journal , 2020 , 71 ( 8 ): 3393 - 3402 .

Bera O , Pavličević J , Ikonić B , et al . A new approach for kinetic modeling and optimization of rubber molding [J ] . Polymer Engineering & Science , 2021 , 61 ( 3 ): 879 - 890 .

Sherwood T K . Heat transfer in the vulcanization of Rubber 1 [J ] . Industrial & Engineering Chemistry , 1928 , 20 ( 11 ): 1181 - 1185 .

高长云 , 唐跃 , 吕柏源 . 轮胎硫化中的传热分析 [J ] . 轮胎工业 , 2002 , 22 ( 6 ): 364 - 367 .

Gao C Y , Tang Y , Lü B Y . Analysis of heat transfer during tire vulcanization [J ] . Tire Industry , 2002 , 22 ( 6 ): 364 - 367 .

Ghoreishy M H R . A state-of-the-art review on the mathematical modeling and computer simulation of rubber vulcanization process [J ] . Iranian Polymer Journal , 2016 , 25 ( 1 ): 89 - 109 .

赵树高 , 张萍 , 邓涛 , 等 . 轮胎硫化过程的数值模拟 [J ] . 轮胎工业 , 2001 , 21 ( 10 ): 617 - 622 .

Zhao S G , Zhang P , Deng T , et al . Numerical model of tire vulcanization process [J ] . Tire Industry , 2001 , 21 ( 10 ): 617 - 622 .

张梦飞 , 张玲 , 李晓闯 , 等 . 厚壁橡胶制品非等温硫化过程模拟与实验研究 [J ] . 化工学报 , 2021 , 72 ( 4 ): 2065 - 2075 .

Zhang M F , Zhang L , Li X C , et al . Simulation and experimental study on non-isothermal vulcanization process of thick-walled rubber products [J ] . CIESC Journal , 2021 , 72 ( 4 ): 2065 - 2075 .

张兆想 , 蔡茂坤 , 任志英 , 等 . 温度及其波动对橡胶密封硫化过程影响的仿真分析 [J ] . 化工学报 , 2024 , 75 ( 2 ): 715 - 726 .

Zhang Z X , Cai M K , Ren Z Y , et al . Numerical analysis of the effect of temperature and its fluctuations on the vulcanization process of rubber seals [J ] . CIESC Journal , 2024 , 75 ( 2 ): 715 - 726 .

曹峰 , 黄中瑛 , 董文武 . 利用差示扫描量热仪评价橡胶的硫化程度 [J ] . 世界橡胶工业 , 2013 , 40 ( 9 ): 38 - 41 .

Cao F , Huang Z Y , Dong W W . Evaluation of vulcanization degree of rubber by differential scanning calorimeter [J ] . World Rubber Industry , 2013 , 40 ( 9 ): 38 - 41 .

张波 , 曾凡伟 , 刘志坡 . 浅谈橡胶厚制品传热与硫化程度的影响因素 [J ] . 世界橡胶工业 , 2015 , 42 ( 9 ): 1 - 6 .

Zhang B , Zeng F W , Liu Z P . Discussion of effecting factors on heat transfer and state of cure for thick rubber products [J ] . World Rubber Industry , 2015 , 42 ( 9 ): 1 - 6 .

浏览量

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

橡胶硫化过程数值模拟研究进展

超临界水稠油改质反应动力学研究

一种基于虚拟组分的燃烧调控化学作用量化及分析方法研究

BGL煤气化动力学模型构建与验证

塔式太阳能辅助超临界压缩CO2储能系统热力学性能