氨燃料固体氧化物燃料电池多场局部特性数值模拟研究

齐志诚; 邵金秋; 赵爽; 王晓璐; 徐珊珊; 顾天威; 刘琛祺; 张雨檬; 王利刚

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20260278

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氨燃料固体氧化物燃料电池多场局部特性数值模拟研究

能源和环境工程 | 更新时间：2026-05-21

- 氨燃料固体氧化物燃料电池多场局部特性数值模拟研究
- Numerical simulation study on multi-physics local characteristics of ammonia-fueled solid oxide fuel cells
- 化工学报 2026年
- 作者机构：
  
  3.中国电建集团北京勘测设计研究院有限公司，北京 100024
  2.华北电力大学新型储能技术北京实验室，北京 102206
  3.华北电力大学国家储能技术产教融合创新平台，北京 102206
- 作者简介：
  
  齐志诚（1974—），男，正高级工程师，qizc@bjy.powerchina.cn
  王利刚（1987—），男，博士，教授，ligang.wang@ncepu.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金面上项目(52276186);北京市科技计划项目(Z251100007125026);国家自然科学基金青年项目(52306240);中国电力建设股份有限公司科技项目(DJ-ZDXM-2024-17)
- DOI：10.11949/0438-1157.20260278
  中图分类号： TM 911
- 收稿：2026-03-03，
  
  修回：2026-05-20，
  
  录用：2026-05-21，
- 稿件说明：
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齐志诚, 邵金秋, 赵爽, 等. 氨燃料固体氧化物燃料电池多场局部特性数值模拟研究[J/OL]. 化工学报, 2026.

QI Zhicheng, SHAO Jinqiu, ZHAO Shuang, et al. Numerical simulation study on multi-physics local characteristics of ammonia-fueled solid oxide fuel cells[J/OL]. CIESC Journal, 2026.
齐志诚, 邵金秋, 赵爽, 等. 氨燃料固体氧化物燃料电池多场局部特性数值模拟研究[J/OL]. 化工学报, 2026. DOI： 10.11949/0438-1157.20260278.

QI Zhicheng, SHAO Jinqiu, ZHAO Shuang, et al. Numerical simulation study on multi-physics local characteristics of ammonia-fueled solid oxide fuel cells[J/OL]. CIESC Journal, 2026. DOI： 10.11949/0438-1157.20260278.

摘要

氨因其高效、安全的储运特性，被视为一种极具潜力的氢载体，预期在固体氧化物燃料电池中具有广泛的应用前景。然而，其内部多物理场分布不均极易引发电池性能衰减和结构损伤。本研究构建了以氨为燃料的阴极分区固体氧化物燃料电池多场耦合数值模型，并以电流分布变异系数作为评价指标，量化分析了电池面内电流分布的均匀性。通过对电池面内多物理场分布及局部电学特性的研究，探讨了燃料成分、热边界条件与入口流量对分布均匀性的影响。结果显示，在0.65V工作电压下，氨燃料电池与氢燃料电池电流密度仅差0.05A/cm²，变异系数相差0.04。在等温条件下，随燃料利用率提高，电流分布不均匀性加剧，0.6V时分区电流密度差异达0.34A/cm²，变异系数上升至0.13。采用换热边界条件后，由于改变了热边界条件，热量在电池内部累积增加，进一步导致温度与电流分布不均匀性恶化，0.7V与0.6V工况下电流分布变异系数分别提高至0.09和0.18，较等温工况增长24%与47%。本研究为评估与缓解氨燃料固体氧化物电池局部恶劣工况提供了有效方法。

Abstract

Ammonia

due to its efficient and safe storage and transportation characteristics

is considered a highly promising hydrogen carrier and is expected to have broad application prospects in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC). However

the uneven distribution of multiphysics within ammonia-SOFC can easily lead to performance degradation and structural damage in the cells. This study developed a multiphysics coupled numerical model for multi-segment ammonia-fueled SOFC

employing the coefficient of variation in current distribution to evaluate in-plane current uniformity. Investigations into in-plane multiphysics distributions and local electrochemical characteristics examined the influence of fuel composition

thermal boundaries

and inlet flow rate on performance homogeneity. Results indicate that at 0.65 V

the current density for ammonia fuel differs by merely 0.05 A/cm² from hydrogen fuel

with a coefficient of variation disparity of 0.04. Under isothermal conditions

increased fuel utilization exacerbates current distribution non-uniformity: at 0.6 V

the current density variance of segments reaches 0.34 A/cm²

with the coefficient of variation rising to 0.13. The adoption of heat transfer boundaries exacerbated temperature and current distribution inhomogeneities. At 0.7 V and 0.6 V

the coefficients of variation for current distribution increased to 0.09 and 0.18 respectively

representing increases of 24% and 47% compared to isothermal conditions. This study provides an effective methodology for evaluating and mitigating localized adverse operating conditions within ammonia-fueled SOFC.

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