金属有机框架吸附分离轻重稀土的研究进展

王换; 董涵舒; 田倩; 崔静磊

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20260159

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金属有机框架吸附分离轻重稀土的研究进展

综述与专论 | 更新时间：2026-04-29

- 金属有机框架吸附分离轻重稀土的研究进展
- Adsorption and separation of light/heavy rare earths by metal-organic frameworks: a review
- 化工学报 2026年
- 作者机构：
  
  山西大学资源与环境工程研究所，山西太原 030031
- 作者简介：
  
  王换（1998—），女，博士研究生，wanghuan2@sxu.edu.cn
  崔静磊（1986—），男，博士，副教授，cuijl@sxu.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目(22378243;U25A20369);山西省基础研究计划项目(202103021224008)
- DOI：10.11949/0438-1157.20260159
  中图分类号： TQ 028.8
- 收稿：2026-02-01，
  
  修回：2026-04-23，
  
  录用：2026-04-29，
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
王换, 董涵舒, 田倩, 等. 金属有机框架吸附分离轻重稀土的研究进展[J/OL]. 化工学报, 2026.

WANG Huan, DONG Hanshu, TIAN Qian, et al. Adsorption and separation of light/heavy rare earths by metal-organic frameworks: a review[J/OL]. CIESC Journal, 2026.
王换, 董涵舒, 田倩, 等. 金属有机框架吸附分离轻重稀土的研究进展[J/OL]. 化工学报, 2026. DOI： 10.11949/0438-1157.20260159.

WANG Huan, DONG Hanshu, TIAN Qian, et al. Adsorption and separation of light/heavy rare earths by metal-organic frameworks: a review[J/OL]. CIESC Journal, 2026. DOI： 10.11949/0438-1157.20260159.

摘要

稀土是战略性金属资源，轻稀土和重稀土的选择性分离是其利用的前提。吸附法具有吸附效率高和环境友好的优点，广泛应用于稀土分离领域，关键在于高效吸附材料的设计。金属有机框架（MOFs）因其结构可调的特性，在轻稀土/重稀土选择性分离中展现出显著优势。本文系统综述了MOFs材料对不同稀土离子的吸附机制，包括配位络合、离子交换、静电吸引和尺寸筛分，以及多种吸附机制之间的协同作用，并梳理了不同MOFs材料的设计策略，包括骨架设计、官能团引入、缺陷工程及复合材料构建等提升稀土离子选择性吸附性能的研究进展。最后展望了MOFs材料的研究趋势，未来应面向真实分离工况和环境设计稳定高效的MOFs吸附材料，开发MOFs材料的绿色合成技术并工程化应用，为稀土资源高效分离材料的设计提供理论基础和技术支撑。

Abstract

Rare earths are strategic metal resources

and the selective separation of light and heavy rare earths is the key. Adsorption is widely used in the field of rare earth separation due to the advantages of high adsorption efficiency and environmental friendliness

and the design of efficient adsorbents is the key challenge. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have shown significant advantages in the selective separation of light rare earths from heavy rare earths for their adjustable structures. This article reviews the adsorption mechanisms of MOFs materials for different rare earth ions

including coordination complexation

ion exchange

electrostatic attraction

and size sieving

as well as the synergistic effects among multiple adsorption mechanisms. It also summarizes the design strategies of different MOFs materials

including framework design

functional group introduction

defect engineering

and composite material construction

which can enhance efficiency for the selective adsorption of rare earth ions. The research trends of MOFs materials are looked forward

stable and efficient MOF materials are required for real separation conditions

green synthesis technologies of MOFs materials would be developed and applied in engineering. These progresses provide theoretical basis and technical support for the design of MOFs for rare earth resource separation.

关键词

Keywords

references

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