H<sub>2</sub>/CO流态化还原铁矿粉气固反应特性研究

张洁涵; 王书麟; 王光绪; 王琳玮; 李诗媛

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20260084

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

H₂/CO流态化还原铁矿粉气固反应特性研究

能源和环境工程 | 更新时间：2026-05-28

- H₂/CO流态化还原铁矿粉气固反应特性研究
- Study on gas-solid reaction characteristics of H₂/CO fluidized reduction of iron ore powder
- 化工学报 2026年
- 作者机构：
  
  1.北京科技大学能源与环境工程学院, 北京 100083
  2.北京科技大学顺德创新学院, 广东佛山 528399
  3.钢铁工业环境保护全国重点实验室, 北京 102600
- 作者简介：
  
  张洁涵（1997—），女，博士研究生，zjh9341@163.com
  李诗媛（1979—），女，博士，教授，lishiyuan@ustb.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(06500168;FRF-BD-25-030);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目(2024A1515110057)
- DOI：10.11949/0438-1157.20260084
  中图分类号： TK91
- 收稿：2026-01-19，
  
  修回：2026-05-20，
  
  录用：2026-05-28，
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
张洁涵, 王书麟, 王光绪, 等. H₂/CO流态化还原铁矿粉气固反应特性研究[J/OL]. 化工学报, 2026. DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20260084.

ZHANG Jiehan, WANG Shulin, WANG Guangxu, et al. Study on gas-solid reaction characteristics of H₂/CO fluidized reduction of iron ore powder[J/OL]. CIESC Journal, 2026. DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20260084.
张洁涵, 王书麟, 王光绪, 等. H₂/CO流态化还原铁矿粉气固反应特性研究[J/OL]. 化工学报, 2026. DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20260084. DOI：

ZHANG Jiehan, WANG Shulin, WANG Guangxu, et al. Study on gas-solid reaction characteristics of H₂/CO fluidized reduction of iron ore powder[J/OL]. CIESC Journal, 2026. DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20260084. DOI：

摘要

本研究基于等效特征图谱的质谱定量方法，采用微型流化床反应器，系统探究了还原温度、铁矿粉成分及H

/CO混合比例对铁矿粉流化床直接还原全过程的影响（即从反应开始至结束，还原度/速率实时演化过程）。通过实时解析H

/CO/H

(g)

/CO

四种气体的质量流量，准确获取了H

与CO的实时还原贡献率、还原速率、气体利用率及全过程还原度，并结合中间体与产物的晶相、形貌与粒径分析，揭示了混合气体的还原行为差异。结果表明：升高温度有助于提升还原度与气体利用率，但温度超过800 ℃时对还原度的提高有限且加剧颗粒粘结。在矿物组成方面，流化床工艺更适用于粘结性低、还原性高的AQ矿种（赤铁矿），与DC（磁铁矿）和BX（高FeO）矿种相比，AQ样品还原后颗粒粒径降低30%，还原度提高10%以上。混合还原时，随着H

比例从30%增至70%，还原机制由初期的CO占主导转变为H

在整个还原阶段起主导作用；当H

比例超过50%时，其还原速率和还原贡献率均为CO的2倍以上，表现出显著的扩散和还原活性优势。

Abstract

In order to surmount the dual impediments of quantifying the contribution of mixed gas reduction in hydrogen metallurgy and the important problem of particle bonding in fluidized bed process

this study systematically investigated the effects of reduction temperature (700-850 °C)

iron ore composition and content (mainly differences in FeO and SiO

contents)

and H

/CO ratio (30-70%) on the entire process of fluidized bed direct reduction of iron (i.e.

the real-time evolution process of reduction degree/rate from the start to the end of the reaction). The study utilized the mass spectrometry quantitative method of equivalent characteristic map

in combination with a micro fluidized bed reactor. A thorough real-time investigation was conducted to ascertain the reduction contribution degree of H

and CO

the real-time reduction rates

the gas utilization rates

and the overall reduction degrees. This investigation involved a comprehensive real-time analysis of the mass flow rates of four gases (H

/CO/H

(g)

/CO

). The reduction differences of the mixed gas were determined by combining these with the crystal phases

surface morphologies

and particle sizes of the intermediates and products. The findings of the study demonstrated that an increase in reduction temperature led to enhanced reduction degree and gas utilization. However

beyond 800°C

the enhancement in reduction degree became marginal

while particle agglomeration intensified significantly. With regard to mineral composition

the fluidized bed process was particularly wel

l-suited to AQ-type ore (hematite)

which demonstrated low adhesiveness and high reducibility. In comparison with DC (magnetite) and BX (high FeO content) ores

reduced AQ samples demonstrated a 30% decrease in average particle size and attained a final reduction degree that exceeded 10%. In the context of mixed-gas reduction

an increase in the H

fraction from 30% to 70% resulted in a shift in the dominant reducing agent from CO in the initial stage to H

throughout the reduction process. As the proportion of H

exceeded 50%

both the reduction and contribution rates of H

surpassed those of CO by more than twice the amount. This demonstrated clear advantages in terms of diffusion kinetics and intrinsic reactivity.

关键词

Keywords

references

Spreitzer D , Schenk J . Reduction of iron oxides with hydrogen: a review [J ] . Steel Research International , 2019 , 90 ( 10 ): 1900108 .

Zhang J H , Wang L W , Wang S L , et al . Kinetics analysis and energy utilization of hydrogen direct reduction iron in a fluidized bed: influence of iron ore composition [J ] . ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering , 2025 , 13 ( 24 ): 9119 - 9131 .

范川林 , 杜占 , 潘锋 , 等 . 过程工程所流化床直接还原技术研究进展 [J ] . 过程工程学报 , 2022 , 22 ( 10 ): 1325 - 1332 .

Fan C L , Du Z , Pan F , et al . Research progress of fluidized bed direct reduction at Institute of Process Engineering [J ] . The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering , 2022 , 22 ( 10 ): 1325 - 1332 .

倪冰 , 林晓萍 , 上官方钦 , 等 . 氢冶金工艺的技术成熟度分析 [J ] . 中国冶金 , 2024 , 34 ( 12 ): 91 - 101 .

Ni B , Lin X P , Shangguan F Q , et al . Analysis on technology readiness level of hydrogen metallurgy process [J ] . China Metallurgy , 2024 , 34 ( 12 ): 91 - 101 .

Zhang J H , Li S Y , Wang L W . Synergistic reduction of hematite by coconut shell charcoal and hydrogen in a fluidized bed [J ] . Renewable Energy , 2025 , 241 : 122260 .

Sun M M , Pang K L , Jiang Z , et al . Development and problems of fluidized bed ironmaking process: an overview [J ] . Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy , 2023 , 9 ( 4 ): 1399 - 1416 .

Scharm C , Küster F , Laabs M , et al . Direct reduction of iron ore pellets by H 2 and CO: in-situ investigation of the structural transformation and reduction progression caused by atmosphere and temperature [J ] . Minerals Engineering , 2022 , 180 : 107459 .

Zhang J H , Wang L W , Wang C H , et al . Mechanism and kinetics of direct reduction reaction between H2/CO and hematite powder in a fluidized bed [J ] . Chemical Engineering Journal , 2025 , 507 : 160476 .

Yan J C , Shen T X , Wang P , et al . Redox performance of manganese ore in a fluidized bed thermogravimetric analyzer for chemical looping combustion [J ] . Fuel , 2021 , 295 : 120564 .

Zhang J H , Li S Y , Wang L W . Kinetics analysis of direct reduction of iron ore by hydrogen in fluidized bed based on response surface methodology [J ] . International Journal of Hydrogen Energy , 2024 , 49 : 1318 - 1331 .

Li Y , Li Z S , Cai N S . Microfluidized bed thermogravimetry combined with mass spectrometry (MFB-TG-MS) for redox kinetic study of oxygen carrier [J ] . Energy & Fuels , 2020 , 34 ( 9 ): 11186 - 11193 .

卢飞 , 鲁波娜 , 许光文 . 气固微型流化床反应分析仪的理想流型判据分析 [J ] . 化工学报 , 2024 , 75 ( 6 ): 2201 - 2213 .

Lu F , Lu B N , Xu G W . Analysis of criteria for ideal flow patterns in gas-solid micro fluidized bed reaction analyzer [J ] . CIESC Journal , 2024 , 75 ( 6 ): 2201 - 2213 .

Ge C , Wang C H , Li S Y . Research on the effect of CO 2 and H 2 O on NO reduction of biomass char by the equivalent characteristic spectrum method via an on-line mass spectrometer [J ] . Energy , 2024 , 312 : 133438 .

Ge C , Wang C H , Li S Y . A new quantitative method via on-line mass spectrometer: Application in biomass char/NO reaction [J ] . Fuel , 2024 , 371 : 131870 .

Zhang J H , Li S Y , Wang L W . Reduction process and kinetic analysis of micro-fluidized bed hydrogen reduction for pre-oxidized ilmenite [J ] . International Journal of Hydrogen Energy , 2024 , 72 : 1038 - 1048 .

Zhou M J , Ai L Q , Hong L K , et al . Comparison of microstructures of magnetite reduced by H 2 and CO under microwave field [J ] . Metals , 2023 , 13 ( 8 ): 1367 .

Higashi R , Maruoka D , Iwami Y , et al . Evaluation for carbonization rate of porous iron whisker with CO [J ] . ISIJ International , 2024 , 64 ( 12 ): 1768 - 1774 .

安卓卿 . 颗粒流体粘性表征及流化床粘结失流行为预测分析 [D ] . 北京 : 北京科技大学 , 2018 .

An Z Q . Characterization of apparent viscosity of solid particles and the prediction of defluidization in the fluidized bed [D ] . Beijing : University of Science and Technology Beijing , 2018 .

Wang H M , Liu B J , Yang G Y , et al . Multistep kinetic study of Fe 2 O 3 reduction by H 2 based on isothermal thermogravimetric analysis data deconvolution [J ] . International Journal of Hydrogen Energy , 2023 , 48 ( 44 ): 16601 - 16613 .

Tang Q M , Huang K . Determining the kinetic rate constants of Fe 3 O 4 -to-Fe and FeO-to-Fe reduction by H 2 [J ] . Chemical Engineering Journal , 2022 , 434 : 134771 .

Wolfinger T , Spreitzer D , Schenk J . Analysis of the usability of iron ore ultra-fines for hydrogen-based fluidized bed direct reduction: a review [J ] . Materials , 2022 , 15 ( 7 ): 2687 .

Chen H S , Zheng Z , Chen Z W , et al . Reduction of hematite (Fe 2 O 3 ) to metallic iron (Fe) by CO in a micro fluidized bed reaction analyzer: a multistep kinetics study [J ] . Powder Technology , 2017 , 316 : 410 - 420 .

Hu Q Q , Xin R , Gao X D , et al . Reduction disintegration behavior of vanadium titanomagnetite pellets in H2–CO–CO 2 –N2 mixtures [J ] . Powder Technology , 2023 , 413 : 118073 .

孙昊延 , 朱庆山 , 李洪钟 . 钒钛磁铁矿流态化直接还原技术现状与发展趋势 [J ] . 过程工程学报 , 2018 , 18 ( 6 ): 1146 - 1159 .

Sun H Y , Zhu Q S , Li H Z . The technical state and development trend of the direct reduction of titanomagnetite by fluidized bed [J ] . The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering , 2018 , 18 ( 6 ): 1146 - 1159 .

余建文 , 韩跃新 , 高鹏 , 等 . CO/CO 2 气氛下赤铁矿向磁铁矿的流化床还原转变 [J ] . 东北大学学报(自然科学版) , 2019 , 40 ( 2 ): 261 - 266 .

Yu J W , Han Y X , Gao P , et al . Reductive transformation of hematite to magnetite with CO/CO 2 under fluidized bed conditions [J ] . Journal of Northeastern University (Natural Science) , 2019 , 40 ( 2 ): 261 - 266 .

张京 , 孟繁超 , 邵磊 , 等 . 浅析Fick定律描述CO+H2混合气体还原铁矿物内扩散环节的偏差 [J ] . 材料与冶金学报 , 2019 , 18 ( 3 ): 169 - 174 .

Zhang J , Meng F C , Shao L , et al . A preliminary analysis of deviations arising from description of the internal diffusion step by Fick' s Law in iron ore reduction with CO and H 2 gas mixtures [J ] . Journal of Materials and Metallurgy , 2019 , 18 ( 3 ): 169 - 174 .

唐则吉 . CO-H 2 流态化还原铁矿粉的动力学及还原气体利用率 [D ] . 重庆 : 重庆大学 , 2022 .

Tang Z J . Kinetics of CO-H 2 fluidized reduction of iron ore fines and utilization rate of reducing gas [D ] . Chongqing : Chongqing University , 2022 .

Hessels C J M , Homan T A M , Deen N G , et al . Reduction kinetics of combusted iron powder using hydrogen [J ] . Powder Technology , 2022 , 407 : 117540 .

Gou H P , Zhang G H , Hu X J , et al . Kinetic study on carbothermic reduction of ilmenite with activated carbon [J ] . Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China , 2017 , 27 ( 8 ): 1856 - 1861 .

徐其言 , 马恒保 , 王海川 , 等 . 流态化还原铁矿粉抑制颗粒黏结的优化研究 [J ] . 安徽工业大学学报(自然科学版) , 2017 , 34 ( 2 ): 111 - 114, 128 .

Xu Q Y , Ma H B , Wang H C , et al . Optimization research on inhibiting sticking of iron ore fines in fluidized reduced process [J ] . Journal of Anhui University of Technology (Natural Science) , 2017 , 34 ( 2 ): 111 - 114, 128 .

Yi L Y , Huang Z C , Peng H , et al . Action rules of H 2 and CO in gas-based direct reduction of iron ore pellets [J ] . Journal of Central South University , 2012 , 19 ( 8 ): 2291 - 2296 .

顾静 , 夏德宏 , 齐照东 , 等 . 高温碳热还原条件下钛铁矿物相变化的实验研究 [J ] . 稀有金属与硬质合金 , 2017 , 45 ( 5 ): 17 - 21, 26 .

Gu J , Xia D H , Qi Z D , et al . Experimental study on phase transformation of ilmenite ore during high temperature carbon thermal reduction [J ] . Rare Metals and Cemented Carbides , 2017 , 45 ( 5 ): 17 - 21, 26 .

Lu F , Zhong H , Liu B , et al . Particle agglomeration behavior in fluidized bed during direct reduction of iron oxide by CO/H2 mixtures [J ] . Journal of Iron and Steel Research International , 2023 , 30 ( 4 ): 626 - 634 .

张萍 , 徐其言 , 王建军 , 等 . 富氢条件下铁矿粉流态化还原效果及粘结行为研究 [J ] . 矿冶工程 , 2017 , 37 ( 1 ): 103 - 107 .

Zhang P , Xu Q Y , Wang J J , et al . Fluidized-bed reduction effect of iron ore powder with hydrogen-enriched gas and corresponding bonding behavior [J ] . Mining and Metallurgical Engineering , 2017 , 37 ( 1 ): 103 - 107 .

马双忱 , 马京香 , 赵毅 , 等 . 采用UV/H 2 O 2 体系进行烟气脱硫脱硝的实验研究 [J ] . 中国电机工程学报 , 2009 , 29 ( 5 ): 27 - 31 .

Ma S C , Ma J X , Zhao Y , et al . Experimental study on desulfurization and denitrification using UV/H 2 O 2 system [J ] . Proceedings of the CSEE , 2009 , 29 ( 5 ): 27 - 31 .

浏览量

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

气固流化床中颗粒团聚物的静态特征和湮灭规律研究

连续进料多腔室流化床停留时间分布数值模拟

含导流板喷雾流化床内颗粒包覆过程热质传递特性模拟研究

合金催化剂在电化学合成氨中的应用研究

炭黑/PTFE复合改性石墨毡阴极优化制备及高效电化学产H2O2机理研究

H2/CO流态化还原铁矿粉气固反应特性研究

Study on gas-solid reaction characteristics of H2/CO fluidized reduction of iron ore powder

DOI：10.11949/0438-1157.20260084

摘要

Abstract

关键词

Keywords

references

H₂/CO流态化还原铁矿粉气固反应特性研究

Study on gas-solid reaction characteristics of H₂/CO fluidized reduction of iron ore powder