There are three effects in the ceramic membrane filtration process

wall thickness effect

interfering effect

sheltering effect

and these effects are validated by experiments.When mean pore size of membrane is less than 200 nm

flow by volume is increased by enhancing loading density.When mean pore size of membrane is more than 500 nm

the contribution of middle channel to the total pure water flux (PWF) of ceramic membranes can be neglected

and it is no use to enhance loading density.It is assumed that the diameter of membrane module was unchanged

and defined channel diameter ac

thickness of the wall aw

and set α as the ratio of ac and aw.The relationship between flux

flow

mean pore size and α was acquired by numerical simulation with CFD software.