Low-carbon economy suggests revolutionizing manufacture protocol and life style to make a substantial reduction in emissions of carbon dioxide. Its ultimate goal is to improve energy efficiency and achieve sustainable economic development. Low-carbon economy is the focus of economic restructuring

it means the future of world’s development. This paper described the new endeavor in current industrial biotechnology with the requirements of low-carbon economy which emphasized some hot items in bio-refinery and bio-production. Several polyesters featured with biodegradability and produced via bioprocess were discussed. The problems and difficulties in the development of industrial biotechnology were also pointed out.