A novel chamberless microbial fuel cell(MFC)with continuous-flow structure was built to study the anaerobic sludge acclimation processThe results showed that COD load of culture medium,anode material and the discharging current can significantly affect the performance of MFCIn initial acclimation period,it is unsuitable to have high COD load and high current,otherwise the normal metabolize of microbes would be interrupted,losing its activity; the current not only affected the anode performance,but also affected the power density of MFCThe graphite/PTFE composite film with 20% PTFE showed the best performance.