precursors and transformation characteristics of nitrogen were investigated by DSC-MS and fixed bed experiment. The results indicated that the first thermal weightlessness stage of glycine (Gly) was divided into two parts by Fe
2
O
3
so th
at the whole pyrolysis process was increased from 2 to 3 stages. Moreover
Fe
2
O
3
can not only reduced the pyrolysis initiation temperature and the temperature of gas evolution by 50℃
but also promoted the secondary cracking reaction of char
which increased the weight loss rate of Gly by 23%. Furthermore
the evolution process of N-containing gases was divided into three independent stages by Fe
2
O
3
which was corresponded to the Gly pyrolysis process. In the fixed bed experiment
most effective suppression of Fe
2
O
3
on NO
x
precursors (NH
3
and HCN) was achieved when the molar ratio of Fe
2
O
3
to N is 0.5
which was decreased by 30%. Since Fe
2
O
3
promotes peptide dehydration condensation
cyclization and aromatization reaction
more P-N
N-5 and N-6 are fixed in the semi-coke
and the semi-coke nitrogen residual rate is increased by 5%.
关键词
Keywords
references
Yang J K , Xu X , Liang S , et al . Enhanced hydrogen production in catalytic pyrolysis of sewage sludge by red mud: thermogravimetric kinetic analysis and pyrolysis characteristics [J ] . International Journal of Hydrogen Energy , 2018 , 43 ( 16 ): 7795 - 7807 .
Zhu J J , Yang Y , Yang L , et al . High quality syngas produced from the co-pyrolysis of wet sewage sludge with sawdust [J ] . International Journal of Hydrogen Energy , 2018 , 43 ( 11 ): 5463 - 5472 .
Tang S Q , Zheng C M , Yan F , et al . Product characteristics and kinetics of sewage sludge pyrolysis driven by alkaline earth metals [J ] . Energy , 2018 , 153 : 921 - 932 .
Wei F , Cao J P , Zhao X Y , et al . Formation of aromatics and removal of nitrogen in catalytic fast pyrolysis of sewage sludge: a study of sewage sludge and model amino acids [J ] . Fuel , 2018 , 218 : 148 - 154 .
Ahlberg G , Gustafsson O , Wedel P . Leaching of metals from sewage sludge during one year and their relationship to particle size [J ] . Environmental Pollution , 2006 , 144 ( 2 ): 545 - 553 .
Fytili D , Zabaniotou A . Utilization of sewage sludge in EU application of old and new methods—a review [J ] . Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews , 2008 , 12 ( 1 ): 116 - 140 .
Liu T T , Liu Z G , Zheng Q F , et al . Effect of hydrothermal carbonization on migration and environmental risk of heavy metals in sewage sludge during pyrolysis [J ] . Bioresource Technology , 2018 , 247 : 282 - 290 .
Wei F , Cao J P , Zhao X Y , et al . Nitrogen evolution during fast pyrolysis of sewage sludge under inert and reductive atmospheres [J ] . Energy & Fuel , 2017 , 31 ( 7 ): 7191 - 7196 .
Ko J H , Wang J C , Xu Q Y . Characterization of particulate matter formed during sewage sludge pyrolysis [J ] . Fuel , 2018 , 224 : 210 - 218 .
侯封校 , 金晶 , 林郁郁 , 等 . Fe 2 O 3 对污泥热解特性及部分NO x 前驱物转化规律的影响 [J ] . 燃烧科学与技术 , 2017 , 23 ( 1 ): 90 - 95 .
Hou F X , Jin J , Lin Y Y , et al . Influence of Fe 2 O 3 on sludge pyrolysis characteristics and partial transformation mechanisms of NO x precursors [J ] . Journal of Combustion Science and Technology , 2017 , 23 ( 1 ): 90 - 95 .
Wei L H , Wen L N , Yang T H , et al . Nitrogen transformation during sewage sludge pyrolysis [J ] . Energy & Fuels , 2015 , 29 ( 8 ): 5088 - 5094 .
Wei L H , Wen L N , Liu M J , et al . Interaction characteristics of mineral matter and nitrogen during sewage sludge pyrolysis [J ] . Energy & Fuels , 2016 , 30 ( 12 ): 10505-10510 .
Shen H H , Jin J , Lin Y Y , et al . Influence of CaO on soybean protein pyrolysis characteristics and NH 3 and other nitrogenous compounds release [J ] . Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress , 2016 , 35 ( 7 ): 2263 - 2267 .
Liu H , Zhang Q , Hu H Y , et al . Catalytic role of conditioner CaO in nitrogen transformation during sewage sludge pyrolysis [J ] . Proceedings of the Combustion Institute , 2015 , 35 ( 3 ): 2759 - 2766 .
Ren Q Q , Zhao C S . NO x and N 2 O precursors (NH 3 and HCN) from biomass pyrolysis: interaction between amino acid and mineral matter [J ] . Applied Energy , 2013 , 112 ( 4 ): 170 - 174 .
Zhang J , Tian Y , Cui Y N , et al . Key intermediates in nitrogen transformation during microwave pyrolysis of sewage sludge: a protein model compound study [J ] . Bioresource Technology , 2013 , 132 ( 2 ): 57 - 63 .
Liu G Y , Wright M M , Zhao Q L , et al . Catalytic pyrolysis of amino acids: comparison of aliphatic amino acid and cyclic amino acid [J ] . Energy Conversion & Management , 2016 , 112 : 220 - 225 .
Chen H P , Si Y H , Chen Y Q , et al . NO x precursors from biomass pyrolysis: distribution of amino acids in biomass and tar-N during devolatilization using model compounds [J ] . Fuel , 2017 , 187 : 367 - 375 .
Sharma R K , Chan W G , Wang J , et al . On the role of peptides in the pyrolysis of amino acids [J ] . Journal of Analytical & Applied Pyrolysis , 2004 , 72 ( 1 ): 153 - 163 .
Yi L L , Liu H , Lu G , et al . Effect of mixed Fe/Ca additives on nitrogen transformation during protein and amino acid pyrolysis [J ] . Energy & Fuels , 2017 , 31 ( 9 ): 9484 - 9490 .
Wang X D , Li C X , You F T , et al . Migration and transformation of nitrogen in sewage sludge during hydrothermal treatment [J ] . CIESC Journal , 2018 , 69 ( 6 ): 2688 - 2696 .
Huang W W , Yuan T , Zhao Z W , et al . Coupling hydrothermal treatment with stripping technology for fast ammonia release and effective nitrogen recovery from chicken manure [J ] . ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering , 2016 , 4 ( 7 ): 3704 - 3711 .
Tsubouchi N , Hashimoto H , Ohtsuka Y . High catalytic performance of fine particles of metallic iron formed from limonite in the decomposition of a low concentration of ammonia [J ] . Catalysis Letters , 2005 , 105 ( 3 / 4 ): 203 - 208 .
Ratcliff M A , Medley E E , Simmonds P G . Pyrolysis of amino acids mechanistic considerations [J ] . Journal of Organic Chemistry , 1974 , 5 ( 40 ): 1841 .
Cao J P , Zhao X Y , Morishita K , et al . Fractionation and identification of organic nitrogen species from bio-oil produced by fast pyrolysis of sewage sludge [J ] . Bioresource Technology , 2010 , 101 ( 19 ): 7648 - 7652 .
Guo M S , Jin J , Liu D Y , et al . Effect of lignin on nitrogen transformation during pyrolysis of sewage sludge [J ] . CIESC Journal , 2017 , 68 ( 4 ): 1590 - 1599 .
Tian K , Liu W J , Qian T T , et al . Investigation on the evolution of N-containing organic compounds during pyrolysis of sewage sludge [J ] . Environmental Science & Technology , 2014 , 48 ( 18 ): 10888-10896 .
车得福 . 煤氮热变迁与氮氧化物生成 [M ] . 西安 : 西安交通大学出版社 , 2013 .
Che D F . Thermal Coal-N Transformation and Nitrogen Oxide Generation [M ] . Xi’an : Xi’an Jiaotong University Press , 2013 .
Li S , Jin J , Lin Y Y , et al . Release of NO x precursors in co-pyrolysis process of Zhun Dong coal mixed with sludge [J ] . CIESC Journal , 2017 , 68 ( 5 ): 2089 - 2095 .
Ohtsuka Y , Xu C B , Kong D P , et al . Decomposition of ammonia with iron and calcium catalysts supported on coal chars [J ] . Fuel , 2004 , 83 ( 6 ): 685 - 692 .
Effect of coal layer thickness on secondary reaction during its infrared rapid pyrolysis
Characteristics of oil shale particles fragmentation/pulverization during thermal effect
Quantitative analysis of typical anhydro-sugars obtained during pyrolysis of cellulose based on benzoylation
FG-DVC model for oil shale pyrolysis
Mixed matrix membranes based on nitrogen-rich Schiff base network polymer and their CO2 separation performance
Related Author
MA Jinfeng
ZENG Xi
WANG Fang
KANG Guojun
WU Rongcheng
XU Guangwen
QU Yang
CHU Mo
Related Institution
Key Laboratory on Resources Chemicals and Materials of Ministry of Education, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology
Key Laboratory of Coal-based CO2 Capture and Geological Storage, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology
State Key Laboratory of Multi-phase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences
School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing)
State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology