Surfactant-modified nanoparticles effectively enhance coal seam wettability and water infusion dust suppression efficiency. To address the easy agglomeration and poor stability of SiO

2

nanofluids in complex coal pores

anionic surfactant SDBS was used to modify SiO

2

nanoparticles

and the microscopic mechanism of anthracite wettability improvement by SMS active nanosolution was systematically explored. Zeta potential and surface tension tests identified 0.1 wt% SMS as the optimal concentration. After modification

the hydrophilic group content of coal increased by 2.25 times

with the contact angle dropping to 29°. Molecular simulations show the coal-water interaction energy reaches −221.98 kJ/mol

the water diffusion coefficient is 0.206×10

-5

cm

2

/s

and the first coordination layer peak of the radial distribution function shifts by 0.04 nm. SDBS hydrophobic chains anchor coal matrix hydrophobic sites via van der Waals forces

while hydrophilic groups combine with SiO

2

surface hydroxyls to form a "coal-SiO

2

-SDBS-H

2

O" multi-stage hydrogen bond network. The 1.38-fold rise in hydrogen bond density reduces s

olution surface tension and greatly improves coal hydrophilicity.