Research progress on leakage of underground pipelines transporting natural gas, hydrogen, and hydrogen-blended natural gas

LI Qianqian; LEI Bohan; YUANG Xuhao; REN Jing; WANG Jinhua; HUANG Zuohua

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20260552

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Research progress on leakage of underground pipelines transporting natural gas, hydrogen, and hydrogen-blended natural gas

更新时间：2026-06-09

- Research progress on leakage of underground pipelines transporting natural gas, hydrogen, and hydrogen-blended natural gas
- CIESC Journal (2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  西安交通大学绿色氢电全国重点实验室，陕西西安 710049
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.11949/0438-1157.20260552
  CLC： TE 832
- Received：16 April 2026，
  
  Revised：2026-06-08，
  
  Accepted：09 June 2026，
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
LI Qianqian, LEI Bohan, YUANG Xuhao, et al. Research progress on leakage of underground pipelines transporting natural gas, hydrogen, and hydrogen-blended natural gas[J/OL]. CIESC Journal, 2026.
DOI：

LI Qianqian, LEI Bohan, YUANG Xuhao, et al. Research progress on leakage of underground pipelines transporting natural gas, hydrogen, and hydrogen-blended natural gas[J/OL]. CIESC Journal, 2026. DOI： 10.11949/0438-1157.20260552.

摘要

在“双碳”目标与能源结构转型的驱动下，利用天然气管网进行掺氢输送和建设专用纯氢管道已成为氢能大规模储运的核心路径。氢能大规模输运过程中主要通过埋地管道输运。但由于氢分子直径极小、扩散能力远强于甲烷且易引发金属氢脆，其埋地环境下的泄漏安全风险成为研究的核心瓶颈。本文系统综述了天然气、氢气及天然气掺氢埋地管道当前的理论、实验和模拟研究进展。进展内容主要包括详细对比因氢气与天然气的物性区别带来的差异性埋地泄漏动力学规律，从实验室缩尺实验到全尺寸埋地泄漏实验的平台建设现状，高压泄漏气体冲破土壤层形成空腔的力学过程及实验观测结果以及采用计算流体动力学针对各种场景下的泄漏过程的数值模拟研究。最后对现阶段埋地管道研究存在的问题进行了总结，并在实验数据工况拓展、数值模拟方法及埋地管道场景方面展望了未来的研究方向。

Abstract

Driven by the “dual carbon” goals and the energy transition

utilizing natural gas pipeline networks for hydrogen-blended transmission and constructing dedicated pure hydrogen pipelines have become the core pathways for the large-scale storage and transportation of hydrogen. Hydrogen is primarily transported via underground pipelines during large-scale transmission. However

due to the extremely small diameter of hydrogen molecules

their diffusion capacity far exceeding that of methane

and their tendency to cause hydrogen embrittlement in metals

the safety risks associated with leaks in underground environments have become a key bottleneck in research. This paper provides a systematic review of current theoretical

experimental

and simulation research on natural gas

hydrogen

and hydrogen-blended natural gas underground pipelines. The review primarily covers detailed comparisons of the distinct underground leakage kinetics resulting from the differences in the physical properties of hydrogen and natural gas; the current status of platform development ranging from laboratory-scale experiments to full-scale underground leakage tests; the mechanical processes and experimental observations of high-pressure leaked gas penetrating the soil layer to form cavities; and computational fluid dynamics studies simulating leakage processes under various scenarios. Finally

the paper summarizes the current challenges in underground pipeline research and outlines future research directions regarding the expansion of experimental data conditions

numerical simulation methods

and underground pipeline scenarios.

关键词

Keywords

references

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