Study on the Mechanism of Compactness Factor Influence in High-Efficiency Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Catalyst Layers

Zhao Jianyun; Zhang Rui; Zhou Hao; Yan Yu; Peng Tao; Xu Liangfei; Li Shengtao; Li Jianqiu

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20260426

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Study on the Mechanism of Compactness Factor Influence in High-Efficiency Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Catalyst Layers

更新时间：2026-06-04

- Study on the Mechanism of Compactness Factor Influence in High-Efficiency Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Catalyst Layers
- CIESC Journal (2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.西安交通大学电气工程学院，陕西西安 710049
  2.北京怀柔实验室，北京 101400
  3.清华大学车辆与运载学院，北京 100084
  4.清华大学智能绿色车辆与交通全国重点实验室，北京 100084
  5.清华大学碳中和研究院，北京 100084
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.11949/0438-1157.20260426
  CLC： TM 911.4
- Received：29 March 2026，
  
  Revised：2026-06-03，
  
  Accepted：04 June 2026，
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
Zhao Jianyun, Zhang Rui, Zhou Hao, et al. Study on the Mechanism of Compactness Factor Influence in High-Efficiency Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Catalyst Layers[J/OL]. CIESC Journal, 2026.
DOI：

Zhao Jianyun, Zhang Rui, Zhou Hao, et al. Study on the Mechanism of Compactness Factor Influence in High-Efficiency Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Catalyst Layers[J/OL]. CIESC Journal, 2026. DOI： 10.11949/0438-1157.20260426.

摘要

高效率的发电用质子交换膜燃料电池（PEMFC）是氢能用于新型电力系统大规模调峰及多周期储能的重要技术，其膜电极催化层（Catalyst Layer

CL）中的多孔尺度微观结构直接决定电化学反应、质子氧气等传导传输的分布与效率，碳载体团聚堆积形态是其首要影响因素。通过建立碳载体颗粒团聚堆积模型，结合等效电路与多物理场仿真，系统探究不同堆积紧密度（Compactness Factor

CF）、孔隙率和球形度对催化层传质传导阻力及输出电压的影响。结果表明，适中堆积紧密度、球形度0.96和堆积孔隙率0.15的堆积结构能有效降低活化极化、质子传导极化及氧气传输极化，使催化层在1 A cm

−2

的电流密度下，理论输

出电压提高至0.81 V。研究进一步揭示，孔隙率与球形度需协同优化以平衡传质与电荷传输，而堆积紧密度通过调控碳载体电流分配从而影响性能。本研究为理解堆积结构与催化层性能的内在关系、面向下一代高效率发电用PEMFC的催化层微结构设计与优化提供了理论依据。

Abstract

The microstructure of the catalyst layer (CL) in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) directly determines the efficiency of charge and mass transport. As a core microstructural parameter

the packing method of single carbon particles lacks a clear theoretical basis for optimal design. This study systematically investigates the effects of packing porosity

sphericity

and accumulation compactness on mass/charge transport resistance and output voltage in CL under different carbon particle packing configurations. By establishing single-particle and particle-packing models

combined with equivalent circuit modeling and multi-physics field simulations

this study systematically investigates the effects of different compactness factor (CF)

porosity

and sphericity on mass transfer resistance and output voltage in the catalyst layer. The results indicate that a packing structure with a sphericity of 0.96 and packing porosity of 0.15 effectively reduces activation polarization

proton transport polarization

and oxygen mass transfer polarization. As a result

the theoretical output voltage of CL can be increased to 0.81 V at a current density of 1 A cm

−2

. Furthermore

the study reveals that porosity and sphericity must be synergistically optimized to balance mass transport and charge conduction

while the accumulation compactness influences performance by regulating current distribution per particle. This research provides a theoretical foundation for understanding the intrinsic relationship between packing structure and CL performance

and offers guidance for the design and optimization of high-performance PEMFC catalyst layers.

关键词

Keywords

references

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