Experimental study on the gas co-production characteristics of natural gas hydrates and shallow gas

WANG Xiaohui; LI Hua; PENG Xiaodong; TANG Songjun; WU Yiwei; CHEN Guangjin

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20260219

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Experimental study on the gas co-production characteristics of natural gas hydrates and shallow gas

更新时间：2026-05-19

- Experimental study on the gas co-production characteristics of natural gas hydrates and shallow gas
- CIESC Journal (2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.中国石油大学（北京）化学工程与环境学院，北京 102249
  2.海洋油气高效开发全国重点实验室，北京 102209
  3.中海石油（中国）有限公司海南分公司，海南海口 570100
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.11949/0438-1157.20260219
  CLC：
- Received：12 February 2026，
  
  Revised：2026-05-17，
  
  Accepted：19 May 2026，
- 稿件说明：
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WANG Xiaohui, LI Hua, PENG Xiaodong, et al. Experimental study on the gas co-production characteristics of natural gas hydrates and shallow gas[J/OL]. CIESC Journal, 2026.
DOI：

WANG Xiaohui, LI Hua, PENG Xiaodong, et al. Experimental study on the gas co-production characteristics of natural gas hydrates and shallow gas[J/OL]. CIESC Journal, 2026. DOI： 10.11949/0438-1157.20260219.

摘要

勘探发现天然气水合物与浅层气存在区域共生的地质成藏特征，对水合物及浅层气进行多气源合采可以提高单井产量，降低开发成本。搭建了一套多管段组合式实验模拟系统，创建了天然气水合物+浅层气多气源共存气藏的室内重塑方法。在此基础上，开展了压力衰竭法开采浅层气+天然气水合物气藏的物理模拟，研究了不同开采阶段各个储层的温度和压力演变规律，考察了梯度降压过程中不同降压区间的产气量、产出气的气源构成、气体产出率随降压频率和降压步幅的变化规律。实验结果显示，当采用梯度降压模式对水合物和浅层气进行合采时，储层压力场受水合物分解供气影响大；储层温度场主要受水合物分解吸热影响，温度曲线呈V形演变；水合物层气体的累计采出率随降压幅度呈S形，而下伏气层的气体累计采出率随降压幅度呈线性升高。实验模拟条件下，单位体积水合物层的气体采出量为13.787 m3/m3。当水合物层的初始含水饱和度从34.8%降为6.04%，储层连通性好，水合物分解气能够快速产出，高产气阶段往高压区移动。当降压步幅从2 MPa/步升至3 MPa/步，产气效率提升40%，但储层的最大温降从1.8 ℃升至了2.6 ℃，考虑一维模拟装置受外部传热影响大，实际储层的降温幅度可能更加明显。因此，对于含天然气水合物的气藏开发，需要合理设置降压频率和步幅，以抑制出砂和储层温度的快速降低引起的结冰、水合物二次生成等问题。

Abstract

Exploration has found that natural gas hydrates (NGHs) and shallow gas exhibit regionally co-existing geological accumulation characteristics. The co-production of multiple gas sources

including NGHs and shallow gas

can enhance gas production of single-well and reduce development costs. This study established a combined multi-tube experimental setup and developed a laboratory reconstruction method for a multi-gas-source co-storage reservoir comprising shallow gas and NGHs. On this basis

physical simulations for the exploitation of shallow gas + natural gas hydrates by pressure depletion method were carried out. The evolution laws of temperature and pressure in each reservoir at different exploitation stages were studied. The variation laws of gas production

gas source composition of produced gas

and gas production rate with pressure reduction frequency and pressure reduction step in different pressure reduction intervals during the gradient pressure reduction process were investigated. The experimental results show that when the gradient pressure reduction mode is adopted to jointly extract natural gas hydrates and shallow gas

the reservoir pressure field is greatly affected by the gas supply from the decomposition of gas hydrates. The reservoir temperature field is mainly affected by the heat absorption of hydrate decomposition

and the temperature curve evolves in a V shape. The cumulative recovery rate of gas in the hydrate layer shows an S shape with the amplitude of pressure drop

while the cumulative recovery rate of gas in the underlying gas layer increases linearly with the amplitude of pressure drop. Under the experimental simulation conditions

the gas yield per unit volume of the hydrate layer is 13.787 m³/m³. When the initial water saturation of the hydrate layer drops from 34.8% to 6.04%

the reservoir connectivity is good

the hydrate decomposition gas can be produced rapidly

and the high-gas production stage moves towards the high-pressure conditions. When the pressure drop step increased from 2 MPa/ step to 3 MPa/ step

the gas production efficiency increased by 40%

but the maximum temperature drop of the reservoir rose from 1.8 °C to 2.6 °C. Considering that the one-dimensional simulation device is greatly affected by external heat transfer

the cooling amplitude of the actual reservoir may be more obvious. Therefore

for the development of gas reservoirs containing natural gas hydrates

it is necessary to reasonably set the frequency and stride of pressure reduction to suppress problems such as sand production

freezing and secondary formation of hydrates caused by the rapid drop in reservoir temperature.

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