Numerical study on a super-long gravity heat pipe coupled heat pump refrigeration system for deep mines

CAI Shaowei; HUANG Wenbo; CHEN Juanwen; WENG Mingyue; JIANG Fangming

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20260158

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Numerical study on a super-long gravity heat pipe coupled heat pump refrigeration system for deep mines

更新时间：2026-04-09

- Numerical study on a super-long gravity heat pipe coupled heat pump refrigeration system for deep mines
- CIESC Journal (2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.中国科学技术大学能源科学与技术学院，广东广州 510640
  2.中国科学院广州能源研究所，广东广州 510640
  3.中国科学院可再生能源重点实验室，广东广州 510640
  4.广东省可再生能源重点实验室，广东广州 510640
  5.上海大屯能源股份有限公司，上海 200000
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.11949/0438-1157.20260158
  CLC： TK 172
- Received：31 January 2026，
  
  Revised：2026-04-08，
  
  Accepted：09 April 2026，
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
CAI Shaowei, HUANG Wenbo, CHEN Juanwen, et al. Numerical study on a super-long gravity heat pipe coupled heat pump refrigeration system for deep mines[J/OL]. CIESC Journal, 2026.
DOI：

CAI Shaowei, HUANG Wenbo, CHEN Juanwen, et al. Numerical study on a super-long gravity heat pipe coupled heat pump refrigeration system for deep mines[J/OL]. CIESC Journal, 2026. DOI： 10.11949/0438-1157.20260158.

摘要

针对深部矿井热害治理中冷量输运能耗高等问题，提出一种无泵驱超长重力热管式热泵制冷系统。利用重力热管连接井下空气冷却器与地面热泵机组，通过工质循环相变与流动，将井下热量输运至地面，实现矿井降温。通过数值建模，分析工质物性、热管尺寸及采掘工作面冷负荷对系统性能的耦合影响机制。在矿井深度400-1200 m、冷负荷1000-5000 kW范围内，系统COP随矿井深度和冷负荷增大而降低，不同工况下COP排序均为R717＞R32＞R744＞R134a。工质的高汽化潜热和密度有利于减小流动阻力和热管沿程温降，提高系统COP。R717潜热最高，沿程温降最小，COP最高；R32兼具较高潜热与密度，COP较高；R744密度最大，有效抑制摩擦压降累积，COP随冷负荷增大降幅最小；R134a潜热与密度均较低，COP最低。此外，增大热管直径可提升系统COP，但当直径大于0.3 m后提升幅度显著减弱。鉴于深部矿井对工质安全性和设备承压要求严格，R134a以其运行压力低、无火焰传播及低毒性，具有更好的安全适配性。

Abstract

To address the high energy consumption associated with cooling capacity transportation in deep mine thermal hazard control

a pump-free heat pump refrigeration system based on a super-long gravity heat pipe is proposed. In this system

a gravity heat pipe is used to connect the underground air cooler and the surface heat pump unit

so that heat from the underground working face can be transported to the surface through phase change and fluid circulation of the working medium

thereby achieving mine cooling. A numerical model was established to investigate the coupled effects of working fluid properties

heat pipe size

and cooling load on system performance. For mine depths ranging from 400 to 1200 m and cooling loads ranging from 1000 to 5000 kW

the coefficient of performance (COP) decreases with increasing mine depth and cooling load. Under all investigated conditions

the COP consistently follows the order of R717 > R32 > R744 > R134a.A higher latent heat of vaporization and density of the working fluid help reduce flow resistance and the temperature drop along the pipe

thereby improving system COP. R717 exhibits the highest COP because it has the highest latent heat of vaporization and the smallest temperature drop along the pipe. R32 also achieves a relatively high COP due to its relatively high latent heat and density. R744 has the highest density

which effectively suppresses the accumulation of frictional pressure drop

and the corresponding system shows the smallest decrease in COP with increasing cooling load. In contrast

R134a exhibits the lowest COP because of its relatively low latent heat of vaporization and density. In addition

increasing the heat pipe diameter improves system COP

but the improvement becomes significantly weaker when the diameter exceeds 0.3 m. Considering the strict requirements for working fluid safety and equipment pressure resistance in deep mines

R134a shows better safety adaptability because of its low operating pressure

no flame propagation

and low toxicity.

关键词

Keywords

references

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