Research progress on low-temperature sintering and temperature coefficient control of zinc silicate based microwave dielectric ceramics

WU Zhihong; PENG Boyuanda; YANG Xinchen; YANG Xiao; YAN Zhenhua; TIAN Chunlan

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20260002

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

Research progress on low-temperature sintering and temperature coefficient control of zinc silicate based microwave dielectric ceramics

更新时间：2026-05-25

- Research progress on low-temperature sintering and temperature coefficient control of zinc silicate based microwave dielectric ceramics
- CIESC Journal (2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.西安建筑科技大学材料科学与工程学院，陕西西安 710055
  2.蒙娜丽莎集团股份有限公司,广东佛山 528000
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.11949/0438-1157.20260002
  CLC： G316
- Received：02 January 2026，
  
  Revised：2026-05-22，
  
  Accepted：25 May 2026，
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
WU Zhihong, PENG Boyuanda, YANG Xinchen, et al. Research progress on low-temperature sintering and temperature coefficient control of zinc silicate based microwave dielectric ceramics[J/OL]. CIESC Journal, 2026.
DOI：

WU Zhihong, PENG Boyuanda, YANG Xinchen, et al. Research progress on low-temperature sintering and temperature coefficient control of zinc silicate based microwave dielectric ceramics[J/OL]. CIESC Journal, 2026. DOI： 10.11949/0438-1157.20260002.

摘要

随着无线通讯的快速发展，微波介质陶瓷由于具备比传统介质材料更优异的性能，在微波频段甚至毫米波频段的应用引起了越来越多的关注。硅酸锌(Zn

SiO

)作为一种常见的微波介质陶瓷，具有低介电常数（

）、低介电损耗、低成本等优点，但存在烧结温度（

）过高和谐振频率温度系数（

）为负值的问题，限制了其进一步应用。本文系统综述了Zn

SiO

基介质陶瓷低温烧结与温度系数调控的研究进展，详细归纳了常用改性方法在降低

和调节

方面的应用现状，分析了各种改性方法的优势和不足，并展望了未来的研究方向。

Abstract

With the rapid development of wireless communication

microwave dielectric ceramics have attracted increasing attention for applications in microwave and even millimeter-wave frequency bands due to their superior performance compared to traditional dielectric materials. Zinc silicate (Zn

SiO

)

as a common microwave dielectric ceramic

exhibits advantages of low dielectric constant (

)

low dielectric loss

and low cost. However

its high sintering temperature (

) and negative temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (

) limit its further application. This paper systematically reviews the research progress on low-temperature sintering and temperature coefficient control of Zn₂SiO₄-based dielectric ceramics

summarizes in detail the application status of common modification methods in reducing

and adjusting

analyz

es the advantages and disadvantages of various modification methods

and prospects future research directions.

关键词

Keywords

references

陈国华 , 黄冰虹 . 低温共烧低介电常数微波介质陶瓷的研究进展 [J ] . 材料导报 , 2023 , 37 ( 20 ): 28 - 43 .

Zou Z Y , Du K , Lan X K , et al . Anti-reductive characteristics and dielectric loss mechanisms of Ba 2 ZnSi 2 O 7 microwave dielectric ceramic [J ] . Ceramics International , 2019 , 45 ( 15 ): 19415 - 19419 .

Kan A , Hirabayashi R , Takahashi S , et al . Low-temperature crystallization and microwave dielectric properties of forsterite generated in MgO-SiO 2 system following LiF addition [J ] . Ceramics International , 2023 , 49 ( 6 ): 9883 - 9892 .

刘凡 . 低介电常数硅酸盐基微波陶瓷结构与性能研究 [D ] . 长沙 : 中南大学 , 2023 .

Liu F . Structure and properties of low permittivity silicate-based microwave ceramics [D ] . Changsha : Central South University , 2023 .

Kamutzki F , Schneider S , Barowski J , et al . Silicate dielectric ceramics for millimetre wave applications [J ] . Journal of the European Ceramic Society , 2021 , 41 ( 7 ): 3879 - 3894 .

Ohsato H , Tsunooka T , Sugiyama T , et al . Forsterite ceramics for millimeterwave dielectrics [J ] . Journal of Electroceramics , 2006 , 17 ( 2 ): 445 - 450 .

张启龙 , 杨辉 , 许诺心 . 功能陶瓷材料与器件 [M ] . 北京 : 中国铁道出版社 , 2017 .

Zhang Q L , Yang H , Xu N X . Functional ceramic materials and devices [M ] . Beijing : China Railway Publishing House , 2017 .

Liu F , Guo X , Ding X , et al . Effect of Mn 2+ substitution on phase composition, microstructure, and microwave dielectric properties of Zn 1.8- x Mn x SiO 3.8 ceramics [J ] . Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics , 2024 , 35 ( 36 ): 2252 .

Guo Y P , Ohsato H , Kakimoto K I . Characterization and dielectric behavior of willemite and TiO 2 -doped willemite ceramics at millimeter-wave frequency [J ] . Journal of the European Ceramic Society , 2006 , 26 ( 10-11 ): 1827 - 1830 .

Joseph T , Sebastian M T , Jantunen H , et al . Tape casting and dielectric properties of Sr 2 ZnSi 2 O 7 -based ceramic-glass composite for low-temperature co-fired ceramics applications [J ] . International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology , 2011 , 8 ( 4 ): 854 - 864 .

Dou G , Zhou D X , Gong S P , et al . Low temperature sintering and microwave dielectric properties of Li 2 ZnSiO 4 ceramics with ZB glass [J ] . Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics , 2013 , 24 ( 5 ): 1601 - 1607 .

Joseph T , Sebastian M T . Microwave dielectric properties of (Sr 1− x Ax) 2 (Zn 1− x Bx)Si 2 O 7 ceramics (A=Ca, Ba and B=Co, Mg, Mn, Ni) [J ] . Journal of the American Ceramic Society , 2009 , 93 ( 1 ): 147 - 154 .

Ohsato H , Tsunooka T , Kan A , et al . Microwave-millimeterwave dielectric materials [J ] . Key Engineering Materials , 2004 , 269 : 195 - 198 .

Song M E , Kim J S , Joung M R , et al . Synthesis and microwave dielectric properties of MgSiO 3 ceramics [J ] . Journal of the American Ceramic Society , 2008 , 91 ( 8 ): 2747 - 2750 .

Sebastian M.T, Dielectric Materials for Wireless Communication [M ] San Diego : Elsevier Science, Elsevier , 2010 .

Krzmanc M M , Valant M , Suvorov D . The synthesis and microwave dielectric properties of Sr x Ba 1− x Al 2 Si 2 O 8 and Ca y Ba 1−y Al 2 Si 2 O 8 ceramics [J ] . Journal of the European Ceramic Society , 2007 , 27 ( 2-3 ): 1181 - 1185 .

Kim J S , Song M E , Joung M R , et al . Effect of B 2 O 3 addition on the sintering temperature and microwave dielectric properties of Zn 2 SiO 4 ceramics [J ] . Journal of the European Ceramic Society , 2010 , 30 ( 2 ): 375 - 379 .

Yang J H , Liu R T , Xiong X , et al . Low-temperature sintering and microwave dielectric properties of LiF-doped Zn 1.8 SiO 3.8 ceramics [J ] . Ceramics International , 2025 , 51 ( 10 ): 13545 - 13553 .

Nguyen N H , Lim J B , Nahm S , et al . Effect of Zn/Si ratio on the microstructural and microwave dielectric properties of Zn 2 SiO 4 ceramics [J ] . Journal of the American Ceramic Society , 2007 , 90 ( 10 ): 3127 - 3130 .

谭菊 . 溶胶-凝胶法制备不同锌硅比硅酸锌陶瓷 [J ] . 人工晶体学报 , 2013 , 42 ( 2 ): 360 - 364 .

Tan J . Preparation of Zn 2 SiO 4 with different Zn/Si ratio using sol-gol method [J ] . Journal of Synthetic Crystals , 2013 , 42 ( 2 ): 360 - 364 .

Aji B B , Wu T Y , Tai L H , et al . Surface modification of Zn 2 SiO 4 starting powders for millimeter wave applications [J ] . Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics , 2025 , 36 ( 19 ): 1187 .

Liang Z , Li J , Zhang Y , et al . Influence of CuO additive on phase formation, microstructure and microwave dielectric properties of Cu-doped Cu x Zn 1.8- x SiO 3.8 ceramics [J ] . Applied Physics A , 2022 , 128 ( 1 ): 60 .

Kim J S , Song M E , Joung M R , et al . Low-temperature sintering and microwave dielectric properties of V 2 O 5 -added Zn 2 SiO 4 ceramics [J ] . Journal of the American Ceramic Society , 2008 , 91 ( 12 ): 4133 - 4136 .

Weng Z Z , AminiRastabi H , Xiong Z X , et al . Effects of the Bi 2 O 3 -SiO 2 addition on the sintering behavior and microwave dielectric properties of Zn 1.8 SiO 3.8 ceramics [J ] . Journal of Alloys and Compounds , 2017 , 725 : 1063 - 1068 .

王威 , 张玲 , 吴亚光 , 等 . 微波毫米波用低介电常数低温共烧陶瓷研究进展 [J ] . 硅酸盐学报 , 2023 , 51 ( 4 ): 934 - 948 .

Wang W , Zhang L , Wu Y G , et al . Recent progress on low-permittivity LTCC for microwave/millimeter wave applications [J ] . Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society , 2023 , 51 ( 4 ): 934 - 948 .

Wen W , Jiang T , Wang J Q , et al . Enhanced microwave dielectric properties and 5G filter design of ra re-earth-doped Zn 1.8 SiO 3.8 ceramics [J ] . Ceramics International , 2025 , 51 ( 22 ): 37337 - 37347 .

Weng Z Z , Guan R G , Xiong Z X . Effects of the ZBS addition on the sintering behavior and microwave dielectric properties of 0.95Zn 2 SiO 4 -0.05CaTiO 3 ceramics [J ] . Journal of Alloys and Compounds , 2017 , 695 : 3517 - 3521 .

Song X Q , Du K , Li J , et al . Low-fired fluoride microwave dielectric ceramics with low dielectric loss [J ] . Ceramics International , 2019 , 45 ( 1 ): 279 - 286 .

Liu B , Li L , Song K X , et al . Enhancement of densification and microwave dielectric properties in LiF ceramics via a cold sintering and post-annealing process [J ] . Journal of the European Ceramic Society , 2021 , 41 ( 2 ): 1726 - 1729 .

Liu B , Sha K , Jia Y Q , et al . High quality factor cold sintered LiF ceramics for microstrip patch antenna applications [J ] . Journal of the European Ceramic Society , 2021 , 41 ( 9 ): 4835 - 4840 .

Geyer R G , Baker J J , Krupka J . Dielectric characterization of single-crystal LiF, CaF 2 , MgF 2 , BaF 2 , and SrF 2 at microwave frequencies [C ] . The 17th Annual Meeting of the IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society , 2004 . LEOS 2004. , 2004: 493 - 497 .

Hou Z G , Li Y X , Wang F , et al . Crystal structure, chemical bonds and microwave dielectric properties of ultra-low loss Li 2 Mg 2 GaTi 2 O 8 F ceramics [J ] . Ceramics International , 2024 , 50 ( 22 ): 46542 - 46547 .

Yang J H , Liu R T , Xiong X , et al . Sintering behavior, structural evolution and microwave dielectric properties of Zn 1.8 SiO 3.8- x MgF 2 ceramics [J ] . Journal of Alloys and Compounds , 2025 , 1010 : 177555 .

Rose A , Masin B , Ashok K , et al . Analysis on the influence of ZnO addition on microwave dielectric properties of Li 2 MgSiO 4 ceramics [J ] . Bulletin of Materials Science , 2019 , 42 ( 6 ): 259 .

Song Y , Chai W Y , Hu Y M , et al . Research on a device of eliminating stray light in transceiver of laser communication [C ] . Optics Frontiers Online 2020: Optical Communications and Networks. July 24 - 25 , 2020 . Online Only, China. SPIE , 2020 : 2 .

Du X Y , Su H , Zhang H W , et al . High-Q microwave dielectric properties of Li(Zn 0.95 Co 0.05 ) 1.5 SiO 4 ceramics for LTCC applications [J ] . Ceramics International , 2017 , 43 ( 10 ): 7636 - 7640 .

Deshmukh R , Chaware V , Ratheesh R , et al . Synthesis and microwave dielectric properties of BBSZ-zinc silicate based material for LTCC applications [J ] . Journal of Electronic Materials , 2021 , 50 ( 3 ): 1323 - 1330 .

Zhou Z H , Su H , Tang X L , et al . Microwave dielectric properties of LBBS glass added (Zn 0.95 Co 0.05 ) 2 SiO 4 for LTCC technology [J ] . Ceramics International , 2016 , 42 ( 9 ): 11161 - 11164 .

Chen H W , Su H , Zhang H W , et al . Low-temperature sintering and microwave dielectric properties of (Zn 1− x Cox) 2 SiO 4 ceramics [J ] . Ceramics International , 2014 , 40 ( 9 ): 14655 - 14659 .

Tang K , Wu Q , Xiang X Y . Low temperature sintering and microwave dielectric properties of zinc silicate ceramics [J ] . Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics , 2012 , 23 ( 5 ): 1099 - 1102 .

Li B , Tang B , Zhang S R , Jiang H M . Low-tempersture sintered (ZnMg) 2 SiO 4 microwave ceramics with TiO 2 addition and calcium borosilicate glass [J ] . Ceramics-Silikaty , 2011 , 55 ( 1 ): 14 - 19 .

Li M H , He J Q , Tang H , et al . Effect of Zn/B molar ratio on the structure, crystallization mechanism and properties of ZnO-B 2 O 3 -SiO 2 glasses for LTCC applic ations [J ] . Journal of the European Ceramic Society , 2024 , 44 ( 5 ): 2842 - 2850 .

German R M , Suri P , Park S J . Review: liquid phase sintering [J ] . Journal of Materials Science , 2009 , 44 ( 1 ): 1 - 39 .

Xia G B , He L T , Yang D A . Preparation and characterization of CaO–Al 2 O 3 –SiO 2 glass/fused silica composites for LTCC application [J ] . Journal of Alloys and Compounds , 2012 , 531 : 70 - 76 .

Chaware V , Deshmukh R , Sarode C , et al . Low-temperature sintering and microwave dielectric properties of Zn 2 SiO 4 ceramic added with CrystallineZinc borate [J ] . Journal of Electronic Materials , 2015 , 44 ( 7 ): 2312 - 2320 .

Hu X , Huang X J , Chen Y H , et al . Phase evolution and microwave dielectric properties of SrTiO 3 added ZnAl 2 O 4 –Zn 2 SiO 4 –SiO 2 ceramics [J ] . Ceramics International , 2020 , 46 ( 6 ): 7050 - 7054 .

Freer R , Azough F . Microstructural engineering of microwave dielectric ceramics [J ] . Journal of the European Ceramic Society , 2008 , 28 ( 7 ): 1433 - 1441 .

Dou G , Zhou D X , Guo M , et al . Low-temperature sintered Zn 2 SiO 4 -CaTiO 3 ceramics with near-zero temperature coefficient of resonant frequency [J ] . Journal of Alloys and Compounds , 2012 , 513 : 466 - 473 .

Weng Z Z , Song C X , Xiong Z X , et al . Microstructure and broadband dielectric properties of Zn 2 SiO 4 ceramics with nano-sized TiO 2 addition [J ] . Ceramics International , 2019 , 45 ( 10 ): 13251 - 13256 .

Dong M Z , Yue Z X , Zhuang H , et al . Microstructure and microwave dielectric properties of TiO 2 -doped Zn 2 SiO 4 ceramics synthesized through the sol-gel process [J ] . Journal of the American Ceramic Society , 2008 , 91 ( 12 ): 3981 - 3985 .

Cai Y Y , Du K , Song X Q , et al . Optimized crystal structure and microwave dielectric properties of BaZnSi 3 O 8 -based ceramics [J ] . Journal of the American Ceramic Society , 2024 , 107 ( 2 ): 1090 - 1104 .

Lv Y , Zuo R Z , Yue Z X . Structure and microwave dielectric properties of Ba 3 (VO 4 ) 2 -Zn 2− x SiO 4− x ceramic composites [J ] . Materials Research Bulletin , 2013 , 48 ( 6 ): 2011 - 2017 .

Guo Y B , Ma J T , Zhao J X , et al . Low-temperature sintering and microwave dielectric properties of CaSn x SiO (3+2x) -based positive τ f compensator [J ] . Ceramics International , 2018 , 44 ( 15 ): 18209 - 18212 .

Lei W , Zou Z Y , Chen Z H , et al . Controllable τ f value of barium silicate microwave dielectric ceramics with different Ba/Si ratios [J ] . Journal of the American Ceramic Society , 2018 , 101 ( 1 ): 25 - 30 .

Wise P L , Reaney I M , Lee W E , et al . Structure–microwave property relations in (Sr x Ca (1−x) ) n+1 Ti n O 3n+1 [J ] . Journal of the European Ceramic Society , 2001 , 21 ( 10-11 ): 1723 - 1726 .

Fang Z X , Tang B , Si F , et al . Influence of CeO 2 on microstructure and microwave dielectric properties of Na 1/2 Sm 1/2 TiO 3 ceramics [J ] . Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics , 2016 , 27 ( 2 ): 1913 - 1919 .

Song Z , Xu Q , Zhang S J , et al . The role of microstructure on microwave dielectric properties of (Ba,Sr)TiO 3 ceramics [J ] . Journal of the American Ceramic Society , 2016 , 99 ( 3 ): 905 - 910 .

Bian W J , Lu X C , Li Y Y , et al . Influence of Nd doping on microwave dielectric properties of SrTiO 3 ceramics [J ] . Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics , 2018 , 29 ( 4 ): 2743 - 2747 .

Abdel Aziz D A , Sterianou I , Reaney I M . (1−x)CaTiO 3 –x(Li 0.5 Nd 0.5 )TiO 3 for ultra-small dielectrically loaded antennas [J ] . Journal of Materials Science , 2009 , 44 ( 23 ): 6247 - 6250 .

Tao F Q , Wang X M , Gong M L , et al . New eight-layer twinned hexagonal perovskite microwave dielectric ceramic Ba 8 NiNb 6 O 24 [J ] . Journal of the American Ceramic Society , 2017 , 100 ( 3 ): 1212 - 1220 .

Zhang Z Y , Li J , Zou H J , et al . Structure, bond characteristics, electrical and microwave dielectric properties of melilite Ca 2 Ga 2 SiO 7 ceramic with unique near-zero τ f [J ] . Journal of the European Ceramic Society , 2025 , 45 ( 4 ): 117098 .

Zhai S M , Liu P , Zhao L P , et al . Low-temperature sintering and microwave dielectric properties of Li 2 Mg 3 ZrO 6 ceramics derived from high-energy ball milling [J ] . Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics , 2020 , 31 ( 5 ): 4253 - 4260 .

Cao M , Li L , Wu S Y , et al . Dominant role of ceramic connectivity in microwave dielectric properties of porous ceramics [J ] . Acta Materialia , 2023 , 258 : 119207 .

Yang J H , Liu R T , Xiong X , et al . Sintering behavior, zinc volatilization, microstructure and microwave dielectric properties of Zn x SiO 2+ x ceramics [J ] . Ceramics International , 2024 , 50 ( 22 ): 45278 - 45288 .

Zou Z Y , Chen Z H , Lan X K , et al . Weak ferroelectricity and low-permittivity microwave dielectric properties of Ba 2 Zn (1+x) Si 2 O (7+x) ceramics [J ] . Journal of the European Ceramic Society , 2017 , 37 ( 9 ): 3065 - 3071 .

Tang Y , Li J , Xiang H C , et al . Rattling effect: a new mechanism affecting the resonant frequency temperature coefficient of microwave dielectric ceramics [J ] . Journal of Inorganic Materials , 2025 , 40 ( 6 ): 656 .

Bosman A J , Havinga E E . Temperature dependence of dielectric constants of cubic ionic compounds [J ] . Physical Review , 1963 , 129 ( 4 ): 1593 - 1600 .

Jiang T , Yang W Z , Deng W Y , et al . Improvement of microstructure and dielectric properties of Zn 1.8 SiO 3.8 ceramics by doping with rare earth elements (La, Pr, Nd, Sm) [J ] . Journal of Alloys and Compounds , 2025 , 1010 : 177679 .

Jiang T , Wang Z H , Yu Z H , et al . Research on rare earth-doped Zn 1.8 SiO 3.8 microwave dielectric ceramics and their applications in filters [J ] . ACS Applied Electronic Materials , 2025 , 7 ( 8 ): 3333 - 3342 .

Chen Y B , Tang L . Microstructure and Raman spectra analysis of [(Zn 0.8 Mg 0.2 ) 1- x Ni x ] 2 SiO4 microwave dielectric ceramics featuring low relative permittivity and low dielectric loss [J ] . Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics , 2025 , 36 ( 7 ): 420 .

Views

下载量

CSCD

Alert me when the article has been cited

提交

Tools

Publicity Resources

Recent development and future challenges of flow-electrode capacitive deionization

Research progress on leakage characteristics of supercritical CO2 pipeline

Research and progress of smoldering combustion technology for oily sludge

Progress in biomass gasification power generation technology

Progress of fabrication of hollow glass microspheres for inertial confinement fusion targets by sol-gel technology

Related Author

Kaijun WANG

Qi WANG

Kuo FANG

Conghui HE

Xiaolu GUO

Jianliang YU

Xingqing YAN

Peng XU

Related Institution

School of Environment, Tsinghua University

Hefei General Machinery Research Institute Co., Ltd.

Institute of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology

(College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering , China University of Petroleum(East China), , , )

School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology(Beijing)

⁰