Copolymer and surfactant systems can generally form complicated structures on various scales

which have broad use in the fields of material and biological technology. The mechanisms of these structures and their formation processes are very similar to those of a great number of natural spot-diagrams and their evolution processes. A lot of studies have been done in the fields of thermodynamics

microphase separation and structure evolution in polymer systems

which has become one of the most hot issues in condensed matter physics

macromolecular physics

statistical mechanics and computer molecular simulation. On the molecule scale

molecular thermodynamics model and computer molecular simulation method

based on lattices and free space model

can be used to describe microphase separation and coagulation morphology of polymer system. On the meso-scale

time dependent Ginzberg-Landau theory and the cell dynamical system method can be effectively used to study meso-structure evolution processes and influences from outfield. Further more

dissipative particle dynamics is a trans-scale study method

and it combines molecule scale study and meso-scale study together. The development of multi-scale study method will become the key point in the future study. This paper reviews the progress in the study of microphase separation and structure evolution of complex materials.