Green rusts (GRs) are transition state compounds containing both ferrous and ferric iron

which have attracted much attention worldwide due to low cost for preparation

high adsorption and reduction efficiency

strong reactivity and large specific surface area

but few studies have been done in China. GRs can form the inner layer complex by absorbing heavy metal ions

organic anions and inorganic ions for the layered double hydroxides (LDH) interlayer structure. Ferrous iron of green rust has a lower reduction potential and high activity. It plays a key role in pollutant removal in alkaline hypoxic environment

thus GRs are of great importance in water pollution remediation. This review summarizes the latest representative achievements in the use of green rusts for wastewater treatment and reaction mechanisms

including preparation characterization

structural characteristics

adsorption and reduction mechanisms of green rusts. The challenges and future research trends of green rusts application with structural ferrous iron are suggested.