1.南京工业大学化工学院,江苏 南京 211816
2.南京工业大学材料化学工程全国重点实验室,江苏 南京 211816
3.苏州实验室,江苏 苏州 215123
潘浩军(2003—),男,博士研究生,panhaojun@njtech.edu.cn
李文怀(1997—),男,博士,liwh01@szlab.ac.cn
周嵬(1982—),男,教授,zhouwei1982@njtech.edu.cn
收稿:2025-12-18,
修回:2026-01-12,
网络首发:2026-08-20,
纸质出版:2026-07-25
移动端阅览
潘浩军, 李永鑫, 李文怀, 周嵬. 原位工况(Operando)表征技术在固体氧化物电池中的应用[J]. 化工学报, 2026, 77(7): 3730-3753
PAN Haojun, LI Yongxin, LI Wenhuai, ZHOU Wei. Application of Operando characterization in solid oxide cells[J]. CIESC Journal, 2026, 77(7): 3730-3753
潘浩军, 李永鑫, 李文怀, 周嵬. 原位工况(Operando)表征技术在固体氧化物电池中的应用[J]. 化工学报, 2026, 77(7): 3730-3753 DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20251425.
PAN Haojun, LI Yongxin, LI Wenhuai, ZHOU Wei. Application of Operando characterization in solid oxide cells[J]. CIESC Journal, 2026, 77(7): 3730-3753 DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20251425.
固体氧化物电池(SOC)可以实现化学能和电能的高效转换,并具有低成本、可扩展性、低排放与燃料灵活广泛等优点,使其在能源领域有着广泛的研究和应用。为了实现SOC电池材料与工艺的进一步发展以促进SOC的实际应用,建立起在真实工作环境(反应气氛、高温、电流/电压、极化等)下动态变化过程的机理认知至关重要。
Operando
表征突破了传统非原位表征的间接性局限性,能够在真实工况条件下直接观察材料的动态响应机制,从而实现结构、性能以及催化过程之间的关联性分析。综述了
Operando
X射线衍射、Raman光谱、X射线吸收谱等先进表征在解析SOC工况条件下电池材料结构与界面动态演化方面的应用。探讨了原位表征在分析SOC材料关键特性(如相变、氧化还原、表面偏析、缺陷化学、降解等)以及界面反应动力学的关键进展,着重探究其在实现电化学反应分子级水平理解的重要作用,最后展望了SOC系统中现有
Operando
表征的不足以及未来发展方向。通过系统梳理
Operando
表征在SOC研究中的应用与前景,旨在为相关材料设计与机理分析提供理论参考和技术指引。
Solid oxide cells (SOCs) enable efficient conversion between chemical and electrical energy
offering advantages such as low cost
scalability
low emissions
and broad fuel flexibility. These attributes drive extensive research and application within the energy sector. To advance solid oxide cell materials and processes for practical implementation
understanding the mechanisms governing dynamic changes under real operating conditions (
e
.
g
.
reaction atmospheres
high temperatures
current/voltage
polarization
etc
.) is crucial.
Operando
characterization overcomes the indirect limitations of traditional non-
in
-
situ
characterization
enabling direct observation of the dynamic response mechanisms of materials under real-world operating conditions
thus facilitating the analysis of the correlation between structure
performance
and catalytic processes. This paper reviews the application of advanced characterization techniques
including operando X-ray diffraction
Raman spectroscopy
and X-ray absorption spectra
in analyzing the structural and interfacial dynamic evolution of cell materials under solid oxide cell operating conditions. It explores key advances in
Operando
characterization for analyzing critical solid oxide cell material properties (such as phase transitions
redox processes
surface segregation
defect chemistry
and degradation) and interfacial reaction kinetics
emphasizing its vital role in achieving molecular-level understanding of electrochemical reactions. Finally
it outlines the limitations of existing
Operando
characterization in solid oxide cell systems and future development directions. By systematically reviewing the applications and prospects of
Operando
characterization in solid oxide cell research
this work aims to provide theoretical references and technical guidance for the design of related materials and mechanism elucidation.
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