温和条件下太阳能光热催化氨合成与分解的研究进展

马荣; 郭光超; 孙杰; 李东辉; 张静; 李春雷; 赵鹬; 李宁; 冯晨晨; 张生福; 赵秋萍

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20251203

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温和条件下太阳能光热催化氨合成与分解的研究进展

综述与专论 | 更新时间：2026-06-18

- 温和条件下太阳能光热催化氨合成与分解的研究进展
- Progress of solar photo-thermo-catalysis for ammonia synthesis and decomposition under mild conditions
- 化工学报 2026年77卷第5期页码：2359-2395
- 作者机构：
  
  1.兰州理工大学石油化工学院，甘肃兰州 730000
  2.西安交通大学化学工程与技术学院，陕西西安 710049
  3.中国科学院大连化学物理研究所，辽宁大连 116023
  4.兰州金川科技园有限公司，甘肃兰州 730000
  5.青海生龙新材料科技有限公司，青海海东 810800
- 作者简介：
  
  马荣（1991—），女，博士，副教授，20230005@lut.edu.cn
  赵秋萍（1978—），女，博士，教授，zqp_lz@163.com
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目(22309070);兰州理工大学青年教师学科交叉研究培育项目(LUTXKJC-20250005);甘肃省联合科研基金项目(25JRRA1147);青海生龙新材料科技有限公司科研项目(HX2025D50300028);金昌市科技计划项目(2023GY005z)
- DOI：10.11949/0438-1157.20251203
  中图分类号： TQ 116.2
- 收稿：2025-10-29，
  
  修回：2026-01-12，
  
  纸质出版：2026-05-25
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
马荣, 郭光超, 孙杰, 李东辉, 张静, 李春雷, 赵鹬, 李宁, 冯晨晨, 张生福, 赵秋萍. 温和条件下太阳能光热催化氨合成与分解的研究进展[J]. 化工学报, 2026, 77(5): 2359-2395

MA Rong, GUO Guangchao, SUN Jie, LI Donghui, ZHANG Jing, LI Chunlei, ZHAO Yu, LI Ning, FENG Chenchen, ZHANG Shengfu, ZHAO Qiuping. Progress of solar photo-thermo-catalysis for ammonia synthesis and decomposition under mild conditions[J]. CIESC Journal, 2026, 77(5): 2359-2395
马荣, 郭光超, 孙杰, 李东辉, 张静, 李春雷, 赵鹬, 李宁, 冯晨晨, 张生福, 赵秋萍. 温和条件下太阳能光热催化氨合成与分解的研究进展[J]. 化工学报, 2026, 77(5): 2359-2395 DOI： 10.11949/0438-1157.20251203.

MA Rong, GUO Guangchao, SUN Jie, LI Donghui, ZHANG Jing, LI Chunlei, ZHAO Yu, LI Ning, FENG Chenchen, ZHANG Shengfu, ZHAO Qiuping. Progress of solar photo-thermo-catalysis for ammonia synthesis and decomposition under mild conditions[J]. CIESC Journal, 2026, 77(5): 2359-2395 DOI： 10.11949/0438-1157.20251203.

摘要

氨凭借高贮氢量、易液化等优势，成为破解氢能储运瓶颈的关键载体，为构建“清洁氨合成→安全低成本氨储运→无碳氨氢利用”的氨氢融合绿色产业链提供支撑。传统热催化氨合成与分解受限于高能耗及苛刻反应条件，光催化则因太阳能化学转化效率低难以满足工业化需求。太阳能光热协同催化为温和条件下的高效氨合成与分解提供了突破性解决方案。该技术耦合长波光子的光热效应与短波光子的光电效应，从根本上改变了太阳光-热-化学转化的反应路径与作用机制，实现“1+1>2”的协同增效，并从反应动力学与热力学两方面共同提升催化活性，有效降低反应温度、提升太阳能利用率、保障太阳能向化学能的高效经济转化。本综述重点围绕光辅助热催化（PATC）、光驱动热催化（PDTC）、热辅助光催化（TAPC）及光热共催化（PTCC）四类核心机制，系统解析了各机制在氨合成与分解中的协同作用原理、催化剂精准设计策略及性能提升规律，并对当前研究面临的关键挑战与未来发展趋势进行了分析，为光热催化技术在氨氢融合领域的应用提供重要理论支撑。

Abstract

With the advantages of high hydrogen storage capacity and easy liquefaction

ammonia has emerged as a hydrogen carrier to solve the bottlenecks in hydrogen storage and transportation

providing support for the construction of a green ammonia-hydrogen industrial chain featuring "clean ammonia synthesis→safe and low-cost ammonia storage and transportation→carbon-free ammonia-hydrogen utilization". Traditional thermocatalytic ammonia synthesis and decomposition are limited by high energy consumption and harsh reaction conditions

while photocatalysis struggles to meet industrial demands due to low solar-to-chemical conversion efficiency. Solar photo-thermo-catalysis offers a breakthrough solution for efficient ammonia synthesis and decomposition under mild conditions. This technology couples the photothermal effect of long-wave photons with the photoelectric effect of short-wave photons

fundamentally changing the reaction pathway and mechanism of solar light-thermal-chemical conversion. It achieves a "1+1>2" synergistic effect

jointly enhancing catalytic activity from both reaction kinetics and thermodynamics

effectively reducing reaction temperature

improving solar energy utilization

and ensuring the efficient and economical conversion of solar energy into chemical energy. This review focuses on four mechanisms: photo-assisted thermocatalysis (PATC)

photo-driven thermocatalysis (PDTC)

Thermo-assisted photocatalysis (TAPC)

and photo-thermal co-catalysis (PTCC)

systematically analyzing the corresponding synergy principles

catalyst design strategies

and performance enhancement laws in ammonia synthesis and decomposition. It also discusses key challenges in current research and future development trends

providing theoretical foundations for the application of photo-thermo-catalytic technology in the field of ammonia-hydrogen energy.

关键词

Keywords

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