电催化二氧化碳和硝酸根合成尿素研究进展

车志凯; 张谭; 宋芋茹; 李晋平; 刘光

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20251045

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电催化二氧化碳和硝酸根合成尿素研究进展

综述与专论 | 更新时间：2026-05-27

- 电催化二氧化碳和硝酸根合成尿素研究进展
- Research progress in electrocatalytic synthesis of urea from carbon dioxide and nitrate
- 化工学报 2026年77卷第4期页码：1650-1666
- 作者机构：
  
  1.太原理工大学化学与化工学院，气体能源高效清洁利用山西省重点实验室，山西太原 030024
  2.怀柔实验室山西研究院，山西太原 030031
- 作者简介：
  
  车志凯（2002—），男，硕士研究生，chezhikai1214@163.com
  刘光（1984—），男，博士，教授，liuguang@tyut.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目(22578302;U22A20418)
- DOI：10.11949/0438-1157.20251045
  中图分类号： TQ 151.1
- 收稿：2025-09-16，
  
  修回：2025-10-28，
  
  纸质出版：2026-04-25
- 稿件说明：
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车志凯, 张谭, 宋芋茹, 李晋平, 刘光. 电催化二氧化碳和硝酸根合成尿素研究进展[J]. 化工学报, 2026, 77(4): 1650-1666

CHE Zhikai, ZHANG Tan, SONG Yuru, LI Jinping, LIU Guang. Research progress in electrocatalytic synthesis of urea from carbon dioxide and nitrate[J]. CIESC Journal, 2026, 77(4): 1650-1666
车志凯, 张谭, 宋芋茹, 李晋平, 刘光. 电催化二氧化碳和硝酸根合成尿素研究进展[J]. 化工学报, 2026, 77(4): 1650-1666 DOI： 10.11949/0438-1157.20251045.

CHE Zhikai, ZHANG Tan, SONG Yuru, LI Jinping, LIU Guang. Research progress in electrocatalytic synthesis of urea from carbon dioxide and nitrate[J]. CIESC Journal, 2026, 77(4): 1650-1666 DOI： 10.11949/0438-1157.20251045.

摘要

电催化CO

和

https://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=109153618&type=

https://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=109153594&type=

5.24933338

3.47133350

偶联合成尿素被认为是一种清洁可持续的绿色生产途径，有助于碳中和和人工氮循环。然而，因其反应复杂、反应物吸附慢、副反应竞争等多方面因素，电催化合成尿素面临法拉第效率低、尿素选择性差、难以满足工业需求等问题。综述了电催化CO

和

https://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=109153618&type=

https://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=109153594&type=

5.24933338

3.47133350

合成尿素的研究进展，深入讨论了C—N偶联的反应机理，分析总结了提升催化剂性能的策略，包括尺寸调控、晶面调控、空位工程等催化剂设计策略，以及H型槽、流动池、膜电极组件（MEA）等反应器设计方法。最后，提出了该领域未来的研究方向以及工业化应用所面临的挑战。

Abstract

Electrocatalytic CO

and

https://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=109153605&type=

https://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=109153596&type=

6.09600019

4.06400013

coupling synthesis of urea is a clean and sustainable green production pathway

which is conducive to carbon neutralization and artificial nitrogen cycle. However

due to its complex reaction

slow adsorption of reactants

side reaction competition and other factors

the electrocatalytic synthesis of urea faces problems such as low Faradaic efficiency

poor urea selectivity

and difficulty in meeting industrial needs. In this paper

the research progress of electrocatalytic CO

and

https://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=109153606&type=

https://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=109153584&type=

6.09600019

4.06400013

synthesis of urea is reviewed. The reaction mechanism of C—N coupling is discussed in depth. The strategies for improving catalyst performance are analyzed and summarized

including catalyst design strategies such as size control

crystal plane control and vacancy engineering

and reactor design methods such as H-groove

flow cell and membrane electrode assembly(MEA). Finally

it discusses the challenges and prospects for future research and industrial applications in this field.

关键词

Keywords

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