Ornstein-Zernike（OZ）integral is solved for unsymmetrical sticky electrolyte solutions with overlap at various distances between ions equal to or less than the collision diameter.Based on the mean-spherical (MSA),all correlation functions and thermodynamic properties can be expressed explicitly in terms of the sticky parameters obtained through a self -consistent procedure.With the reference of an ideal-gas mixture,numerical results of osmotic coefficient and activity coefficient for mixtures with stickiness between oppositely charged ions are presented.

Experiments were performed in a horizontal pipe for oil-water flow and oil-water-air flow.The phenomenon of phase inversion and its influence on hydrodynamic characteristics was investigated.The ratio of length to diameter of the pipe is 1250.A general model for describing density wave instability was put forward considering the Reynolds stress of dispersed phase based on two-fluid model.The results predicted by the model showed that phase inversion occurs when the volume fraction of dispersed phase is about 0.3,which agreed well with empirical data.The mechanism of phase inversion was explained by the theory of density wave instability.

The rheological properties in synthesis process of ultrafine а-FeOOH particle were inves tigated with RFS-Ⅱand concentric bob and cup measuring system.The results indicated that the rheological properties of the reaction slurry were mainly determined by formation mechanism and morphology of goethite.The reaction slurry was Newtonian liquid with low viscosity at the initial stage of goethite synthesis process,and was psuedoplastic fluid which fits power law at the middle-later stage.Thit slurry showed strong shear-thinning characteristic without thixtropy.The rheological properties were affect ed by reacion temperature,gas flow rate and stirring rate etc.which affected the formation process and particle morphology.The viscosity of the reaction slurry decreased strongly with doping NaSiO_3 in the synthesis system.

On the basis of the alkane liquid mixtures adsorption experiment on 5 A molecular sieve,a new AMNLH adsorption isotherm model from multicomponent liquid mixture on the solid adsorbent was proposed.The equations were derived by assuming that :(1)the liquid bulk mixture and adsorbed phase are nonideal,and (2)the solid surface of adsorbent is energy-heterogeneous.The model was tested for a three-adsorbate system at several temperature points.

Using hydrolyzate of corn cob with dilute sulfuric acid processes (residue of xylose production）as raw material,the kinetics of cellulose enzymatic hydrolysis was studied.Because of similar optimal temperature,pH value and anaerobic condition,the simultaneous saccharicfication and lactic acid fermentation (SSLF)process was evaluated experimentally with compatible results.A mathematic model wawsuggested to simulate the SSLF process with good agreement.

The axial,radial and tangential mean velocities were measured by using 3-D Laser Particle Dynamic Analyzer (PDA) in an agitated vessel with multiple propellers.The flow patterns were obtained in glycerine solution in the transition region.The effects of the spacing between impellers ,the angle of the blade,the impeller diameter,the Reynolds number and the type of the imperller on flow characteristics were discussed in detail.

A methodology for on-line process identification is developed for use the chemical process industry.The measurements of process output that arrive at different sampling rates are incorporated into the identification strategy based on nonlinear programming techniques.Measurement delays associated with some of process output and constraints on identified variables are also implicitly included in the formulation．A probabilistic interpretation shows that maximum likelihood estimation is identical with taht by minimizing the least squares objective function .The evaluation of the proposed multirate state and parameter identificator through simulations and experimental application on a wall-cooled fixed-bed reactorgives atisfactory performance and illustrates the practicality of this approach.

This paper aimed to study the developed cocurrent upflow and downflow gas／solids systems in vertical pipes using deterministic chaos theory.Fluctuation signals which reflect the density pulsation in systems were obtained by an optical fiber density probe.The effects of gas velocity and solids flux were investigated and the differences of local chaos characteristics between upflow and downflow systems were compared.The result shows that chaos parameters can be used to describe the radial structure of gas／solids wto phase flow in the fully developed regime of vertical pipes.The local D_(ml) and K_(ml) are in the same range of magnitude in both riser and downer and are strongly correlated with the local solids fraction,which implies that the solids fraction is a key factor of influencing the turbulent structure in twophase flow systems and must be considered carefully in modeling the riser and downer.

Based on the idea of local equilibrium,the filtration of the binary SHS systems were studied under the assumption of one-dimensional,lower combustion wave rate and steady state.The analytical expressions of the reaction were derived.The effect of relevant parameters on combustion tenperature and combustion wave rate were an alyzed in detail.It was found that the predictions were in agreement with experiments and other new predictions were obtained.

Based on experiments,the nucleation and growth process of crystal grains in the reaction process was investigated.The influence of oxidation rate during the earlier period in the reaction process on the parameters of the final crystal grains was surveyed.The improvement of the final product by aging techniques was also reported.

In the separation process of liquid surfactant membrane,one of the important reasons causing permeation swelling is that the carrier reacts with the solute at the interface of emulsion and then solubi lization of water in membrane phase is caused not only by surfactant but also by carrier-solute complex.Furthermore，water diffusion through the membrane goes on due to both the chemical potential of electrolytes and the chenmical potential between reactants and reaction products .A mathematical model for estimating the permeation swelling rate during extraction is proposed.The prediction results are in good agreement with the experimental data.

A differential pressure apparatus was established for the measurements of vapor-liquid equilibria（VLE）for polymer－solvent solutions，Pure ethanol and polystyrene-toluene solution were used for the test of the apparatus.Fifteen sets of VLE data were measured in a temperature range from 303.15K～ 333.15K for the binary systems:polystyrene+ethyl acetate,polystyrene+m-xylene,polystyrene+cyclohexanone,poly（vinyl chloride）（PVC）+cyclohexanone,PVC+2-butanone,Poly（methyl methacrylate）（PMMA）+ chloroform,PMMA+cyclohexanone,poly(ethylene glycol)（PEG）+water,PEG+chloroform.The simplified hole theory equation of state proposed by this group was used to correlate accurately the data measured.

The wall electrode sensors have been widely used in the measurement of transport process.However,the theoretical equations in prior work did not include the effect of mass transfer to the edge of wall probe.This effect will bring an important contribution to the electrode current if the probe is small enough,which a lager measuring error if the original equation is used.This paper gives some modified equations in which the effect of mass transfer to the probe edge is considered.The experiment results pressented have supported these equations.

The approach recently proposed by Liu and Qu was extended to correlate excess enthalpies of highly asymmetric binary systems.In this approach,FRKS equation of state was used, and L_(ij)(T,x)function was applied in place of single value of the binary interaction parameter L_(ij).Twenty four binary systems,including benzene -（C_(11)～C_(17)）lakane,benzene -methyl naphthalene,xylene-(C_3～C_8)al-cohol,l-Hepetanol-(C_6～C_9)alkane,methanol,ethanol-chlorobenzene,were selected to do the test.For most of these binary systems, no equation of state method has been found accurate.The results obtained show that this method can improve significantly the correlation of excess enthalpies for highly asymmetric binary systems.The calculated excess enthalpies for most of the selected systems are in good agreement with experimental data.

An experimental study is made on the flow characteristics of two-phase mixture of air and water flowing through the annular passage with three different clearances at normal temperature and pressure.It is pointed out that the two phase pressure drop is related to the geometric parameters of the annular narrow passage.A two-phase pressure drop correlation,which takes the geometric parameters of the annular narrow passage into account,is propsed by applying the separated flow model.The predicted values of the correlation agreement with the experimental data.

The mechanism of liquid phase back-mixing in the liquid-solid fluidized bed has been studied.The radial parabolic distribution of liquid velocity is found to be the main motivation of particlescirculating movement which in trun causes the liquid back-mixing.The liquid back-mixing can be reduced by evening the radial distribution of liquid velocity.This is achieved by a hetero-pores distributor which has a resistant coefficient distribution analogous to that of liquid velocity.The experimental result shows that the hetero-pores distributor reduces the liquid back- mixing effectively.

A quantative relationship exists between the structrue and physical properties of organic compounds.The molecular structrue of the examined compounds is selectively described by a molecular distance-edge（MDE）vector.The physical properties of alkanes such as boiling points,density at 25℃,refractive index at 25℃, heat capacity at 300K,Gibbs energy,enthalpy at 300K are estimated with satisfactory results by a novel modified back- propagation neural network method based on the above MDEvectot.

A soft sensing strategy based on neural network is proposed for product quality of FCCU main fractionator.From the analysis of the process mechanism and the use of operating data,a neural network soft sensing model （static） was developed for the end point of naphtha.A dynamic error correction ele ment is supplemented.Long-time running shows that it can substitute conventional process analyzer and no measurement delay times is expected.