Abstract: One-dimensional (1D) nanomaterials, including nanowires, nanorods, nanotubes, nanobelts, nanowhiskers, etc., have emerged as one of the research highlights due to their unique 1D structure and extensive applications in electronics, optics, catalysis, energy, environment, and medicine, etc. Borates have also attracted much concern owing to their versatile composition and novel properties as well as applications in multitudes of fields. Herein, the advances in the research focusing on the 1D nanostructured alkali/alkaline-earth metal borates are reviewed, from four aspects including fundamental thermodynamics, controllable synthesis, applications development, and engineering practice. In addition, the hydrothermal-thermal conversion (HTC) route to 1D nanostructured magnesium borates developed mainly in our group is compared with the conventional high temperature synthetic techniques such as molten salt synthesis and chemical vapor deposition, and the results show that, the HTC strategy prevails in morphology controllable synthesis and further pilot scale-up production. Finally, taking the magnesium borates nanowhiskers as an example, main challenges particularly the green hydrothermal synthesis towards corrosion bottleneck exposed in the hydrothermal mass production, as well as corresponding strategies in engineering practice are analyzed from the four aspects.

Key words: one-dimensional, nanostructured, borates, hydrothermal, thermal conversion, engineering practice

摘要： 纳米线/棒/管/带/晶须等纳米材料由于其独特的一维（1D）结构及在电子、光学、催化、能源、环境和医药等领域的广泛应用前景而成为研究的热点之一，而硼酸盐则由于其多变的组成及其在众多领域内的独特性能及应用受到了广泛关注。重点围绕碱/碱土金属硼酸盐，从基础热力学、控制合成、应用开发、工程实践等方面对1D纳米硼酸盐材料的最新研究成果进行了综述。此外，对1D纳米硼酸镁的熔融盐（MSS）、化学气相沉积（CVD）等传统高温工艺及本课题组多年来所致力的水热-热转化（HTC）法制备进行了客观比较，结果表明，HTC法在形貌控制合成乃至中试放大等方面具有一定优势。最后以硼酸镁纳米晶须为例，从前述4个方面对目前1D纳米硼酸盐研究中所存在的问题、尤其是针对腐蚀性技术瓶颈的绿色水热合成及其工程实践对策进行了分析和展望。

关键词: 一维, 纳米, 硼酸盐, 水热, 热转化, 工程实践