CIESC Journal ›› 2019, Vol. 70 ›› Issue (3): 1035-1041.doi: 10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20180662

• Surface and interface engineering • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Mechanism of deterioration for dry barrier material in aluminum electrolysis cells

Yaowu WANG(),Jianping PENG,Yuezhong DI,Pengcheng HAO   

  1. School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, Liaoning, China
  • Received:2018-06-19 Revised:2018-12-13 Online:2019-03-05 Published:2018-12-26
  • Contact: Yaowu WANG E-mail:wangyw@smm.neu.edu.cn

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Abstract:

A component analysis and an X-ray phase analysis of spent dry barrier material were used to reveal the mechanism of deterioration for dry barrier material in aluminum electrolysis cells. The results show that both NaF and cryolite in the osmotic electrolyte react with the dry anti-seepage material to form a glass matrix of nepheline (NaAlSiO4), which can prevent the electrolyte from further penetrating downward. The Na3AlF6 continuously penetrating from the carbon cathode can react with the nephelite to form β-Al2O3, and the formation of β-Al2O3 is one major cause for deterioration of dry barrier materials. It can also produce SiF4 gas in the process of electrolyte reacts with dry barrier, which makes the silicon migrate to the lower part and results in the decrease of silicon in the upper layer.

Key words: dry barrier, aluminum electrolytic cells, chemical reaction, phase change, alumina

CLC Number: 

  • TF 803.21

Fig.1

XRD pattern of Spent dry barrier"

Table 1

Main composition of dry barrier and spent dry barrier"

Element Dry barrier/%(mass) Spent dry barrier/%(mass)
Al 18.49 16.6
Si 25.02 12.36
Na 0.10 23.55
F 0 8.00
Ca 1.14 1.98
Fe 2.40 3.59
K 2.05 1.36

Fig.2

Photo of spent dry barrier"

Fig.3

XRD pattern of the yellow layer"

Fig.4

XRD patterns of spent dry barrier in different layers"

Table 2

Main composition of spent dry barrier in different layers"

Sample number Element content/%(mass)
Al Si Na F Ca TFe K
dry barrier 18.49 25.02 0.10 0.00 1.14 2.40 2.05
1 22.78 3.66 21.07 18.00 2.37 0.60 0.37
2 21.18 6.82 22.51 19.28 2.46 1.66 0.25
3 13.14 21.52 16.91 1.89 1.40 2.04 1.07
4 12.98 21.06 16.27 0.72 1.16 2.96 1.23
5 15.46 27.15 2.32 0.085 1.20 2.48 1.35

Fig.5

Binary phase diagram of NaF and AlF3 "

Fig.6

Area scan photos of upper area in spent dry barrier"

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