Abstract:

To achieve high-efficiency and low-consumption stable removal of municipal wastewater, the start-up and nitrogen removal performance of partial nitration-anaerobic ammonium oxidation(Anammox) process were studied under normal temperature conditions. The results showed that real-time control strategy can quickly start partial nitrification under high DO (2.5 mg·L^-1) conditions. The unique structure of biofilm provides Anammox bacteria with good anaerobic environment in the presence of dissolved oxygen. Overcame temperature changes during start-up. After 173 d, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite reaches more than 90%, the removal rate of total nitrogen (TN) approach to 80%. Anammox filter started successfully after 173 d. The nitrogen removal performance of the coupled system under different filtration conditions was studied. The results showed that the total nitrogen volumetric loading of the coupled system reached 0.75 kg·m^-3·d^-1 when the filtration rate was 0.5 m·h^-1. The average concentration of TN in the effluent was 8 mg·L^-1. The nitrogen of municipal wastewater could be treated stably and efficiently through partial nitrification-anaerobic ammonia oxidation process.

Key words: partial nitrification, Anammox, biofilm, temperature, filtration rate, molecular biology, model-predictive control

摘要：

为快速实现低C/N比生活污水高效低耗稳定脱氮，在常温条件下，对短程硝化-厌氧氨氧化工艺的启动及脱氮性能进行研究，在常温，高DO（2.5 mg·L^-1）条件下，采用实时控制结合神经网络模型预测控制可快速启动短程硝化，亚硝积累率达到95%以上。由于生物膜的独特结构可为厌氧氨氧化（Anammox）菌提供良好的厌氧环境，因此选用生物滤池来实现厌氧氨氧化，启动期间克服了温度变化的影响，第173天后，NH₄⁺-N和NO₂^--N去除率达到90%以上，TN去除率达到80%，Anammox滤池成功启动。后续将短程硝化与厌氧氨氧化耦合，通过逐步提高滤速启动耦合系统，Anammox滤池滤速可提高到0.5 m·h^-1，总氮容积负荷达到0.75 kg·m^-3·d^-1。系统出水TN平均浓度为8 mg·L^-1，实现了短程硝化耦合厌氧氨氧化工艺稳定高效地处理生活污水。

关键词: 短程硝化, 厌氧氨氧化, 生物膜, 温度, 滤速, 分子生物, 模型预测控制