Abstract:

The structure types and working principle of evaporative water chillers are summarized. Analysis of cold water production by evaporative cooling through the psychrometric charts, theoretical and experimental results verify that the indirect evaporative cooling on the wet channel side is not adiabatic direct evaporative cooling. According to the performance test analysis of the indirect pre-cooling evaporative water chillers, the wet bulb efficiency of several types of to indirect evaporative coolers are between 41% and 92%. Vertical tube, plate tube and dew point indirect evaporative coolers are more efficient than horizontal tube indirect evaporative coolers, indirect pre-cooling evaporative water chillers can produce cold water to reach sub-wet bulb temperature. In addition to the influence of the efficiency of the indirect evaporative cooler, the production of water temperature is also affected by the gas-water ratio in the padding tower and the external heat source in the padding tower. Data center air conditioning system with indirect pre-cooling evaporative water chillers, mechanical refrigeration chillers, ethylene glycol natural cooling as cold source. The time of evaporative water cooling and the natural cooling of ethylene glycol in Urumqi, Beijing, and Shanghai are 8736, 6261, and 4708 h, respectively. Compared with mechanical refrigeration, the annual energy saving rate is 62%, 53%, and 46%, respectively.

Key words: evaporation, heat transfer, mass transfer, enthalpy, indirect evaporative cooler, data center operating time, power saving rate

摘要：

总结了蒸发冷却冷水机组结构类型和工作原理，理论和实测验证了间接蒸发冷却的湿通道侧发生的并非绝热等焓直接蒸发冷却。根据对间接预冷式蒸发冷却冷水机组的性能测试分析，间接蒸发冷却器的湿球效率在41%～92%之间，立管、板管、露点间接蒸发冷却器比卧管间接蒸发冷却器效率高，间接预冷式蒸发冷却冷水机组制备冷水可达到亚湿球温度，制备冷水温度受间接蒸发冷却器效率、填料塔内气水比、外热源影响。以间接预冷式蒸发冷却冷水机组、机械制冷冷水机组、乙二醇自然冷却为冷源的数据中心空调系统，水侧蒸发冷却与乙二醇自然冷却应用在乌鲁木齐市、北京市、上海市的时间分别为8736、6261、4708 h，相比机械制冷的全年节电率分别为62%、53%、46%。

关键词: 蒸发, 传热, 传质, 焓, 间接蒸发冷却器, 数据中心运行时间, 节电率