闭式喷雾冷却的瞬态传热过程研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20190586

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

搭建了闭式喷雾冷却实验台，实验研究了喷雾冷却的瞬态传热过程，获得了准确描述其传热过程的实验曲线，分析了冷却初始温度、加热功率及工质类型对瞬态传热过程的影响。研究表明：对于喷雾冷却的瞬态传热过程，其表面温度变化趋势可分为急速下降、持续升高、二段下降3类。初始表面温度在经历启动初期增强效应后，若小于莱登弗罗斯特点（LFP）对应的温度T_f，则表面温度不断下降，在核态沸腾区实现热平衡；反之，表面温度升高，在膜态沸腾区实现热平衡；恒定加热功率的大小决定了表面温度变化速率，随着恒定加热功率的增大，表面温度下降或者上升的速率加快；同等条件下，对于不同类型介质，喷嘴入口压力及饱和温度越高，其T_f也越高。

关键词: 喷雾冷却, 传热, 瞬态过程, 表面, 莱登弗罗斯特点

Abstract:

A closed spray cooling test bench is built. The transient heat transfer process of spray cooling was experimentally studied, and the experimental curve describing the heat transfer process accurately was obtained. The influence of initial cooling temperature, heating power and medium type on transient heat transfer process is analyzed. The results are as follows: the trend of surface temperature can be divided into rapid decline, continuous increase and second decline. After experiencing the initial enhancement effect, if the initial surface temperature is less than the temperature T_fat Leiden frost point , the surface temperature decreases continuously and the thermal equilibrium is achieved in the nucleate boiling region; On the contrary, the surface temperature increases and the thermal equilibrium is achieved in the film boiling zone. The value of constant heating power determines the rate of surface temperature change. With the increase of constant heating power, the rate of surface temperature decreasing or rising accelerates. In addition, for different types of media, the higher nozzle inlet pressure and saturation temperature mean the higher temperature T_f at Leiden frost point.

Key words: spray cooling, heat transfer, transient process, surface, Leiden frost point

中图分类号:

TK 124

周年勇, 徐慕豪, 冯浩, 段锋, 王庆荣, 陈海飞, 郭强. 闭式喷雾冷却的瞬态传热过程研究[J]. 化工学报, 2020, 71(3): 1018-1025.

Nianyong ZHOU, Muhao XU, Hao FENG, Feng DUAN, Qingrong WANG, Haifei CHEN, Qiang GUO. Study on transient heat transfer process of spray cooling with closed-loop[J]. CIESC Journal, 2020, 71(3): 1018-1025.

图/表 13

图1 闭式循环喷雾冷却实验系统原理图

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of closed loop spray cooling experimental system

图2 模拟热源结构

Fig.2 Structure of simulation heat source

图3 实验热源温度分布云图及线性拟合

Fig.3 Temperature distribution and linear fitting of experimental heat source

图4 本文数据处理公式与导热反问题法求解结果对比

Fig.4 Comparisons of solution for this paper formulas and inverse heat conduction problem

表1 测量仪器及其精度

Table 1 Measuring instruments and precision

测量数据	测量仪器	量程	精度
喷雾腔温度	PT100铂电阻	-50～150℃	±0.15°C
加热块柱体温度	K型针式热电偶	0～800℃	±0.004\|t\|
喷嘴进口压力	压力传感器	0～1.6 MPa	±0.25%FS
喷雾流量	液体涡轮流量计	0～10 L/min	±1%

图5 不同初始温度下热通量变化曲线

Fig.5 Curves of heat flux density at different initial temperatures

图6 不同初始温度下表面温度变化曲线

Fig.6 Curves of surface temperature at different initial temperatures

图7 不同初始表面温度下瞬态喷雾冷却的沸腾曲线

Fig.7 Boiling curves of transient spray cooling at different initial surface temperatures

图8 不同加热功率下表面温度变化曲线

Fig.8 Curves of surface temperature at different heat power

图9 不同加热功率下瞬态喷雾冷却的沸腾曲线

Fig.9 Boiling curves of transient spray cooling at different heating power

图10 不同类型工质下表面温度变化曲线

Fig.10 Curves of surface temperature at different refrigerants

图11 不同类型工质下瞬态喷雾冷却的沸腾曲线

Fig.11 Boiling curves of transient spray cooling at different refrigerants

图12 喷雾冷却沸腾曲线

Fig.12 Boiling curve of spray cooling

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