癸醇-棕榈酸/膨胀石墨低温复合相变材料的制备与性能

doi:10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20180646

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了寻求温度段在2~3℃的低温相变材料，采用低共熔法，以理论计算为基础制备了癸醇-棕榈酸（DA-PA）二元复合相变材料。为提高其热导率，利用膨胀石墨（EG）的多孔特性，制备了最佳质量比为15∶1的DA-PA/EG复合相变材料。通过DSC、步冷曲线、红外光谱测试、SEM、Hot Disk热常数分析、高低温循环实验对复合相变材料的结构和性能进行了研究。实验结果表明，当DA-PA质量比为97.8∶2.2时的低共熔温度为2.9℃，相变潜热为203.6 J·g^-1。真空吸附后DA-PA被均匀地包裹在EG的多孔网状结构中，DA-PA/EG的相变温度为2.7℃，相变潜热为193.9 J·g^-1，热导率为1.416 W·（m·K）^-1，相比DA-PA提高了4.3倍。经过100次高低温循环后，DA-PA/EG仍保持良好的稳定性，在冷链物流中有较大的应用价值。

关键词: 复合材料, 相变, 热传导, 吸附, 稳定性

Abstract:

To find a low temperature phase change material with a temperature range of 2—3℃, a sterol-palmitic acid (DA-PA) binary composite phase change material was prepared by eutectic method based on theoretical calculation. To improve the thermal conductivity, the DA-PA/EG composite phase change material with the optimal mass ratio of 15:1 was obtained by using the porous characteristics of expanded graphite (EG). The structure and properties of the composite phase change material were studied by DSC, step cooling curve, FI-TR, SEM and high-low temperature cycle test. The results show that when the mass ratio of DA-PA was 97.8:2.2, the phase change temperature was 2.9℃ and the latent heat was 203.6 J·g^-1. After vacuum adsorption, DA-PA was uniformly encapsulated in the porous network structure of EG. The phase change temperature of DA-PA/EG was 2.7℃, the latent heat was 193.9 J·g^-1, and the thermal conductivity was 1.416W·(m·K)^-1, which was 4.3 times higher than DA-PA. After 100 times of high-low temperature cycles, the thermal properties of DA-PA/EG did not change much and still maintained good stability. The results show that the DA-PA/EG composite phase change material has great application value in the cold chain logistics.

Key words: composites, phase change, heat conduction, adsorption, stability

中图分类号:

TK 02

周孙希, 章学来, 刘升, 陈启杨, 徐笑锋, 王迎辉. 癸醇-棕榈酸/膨胀石墨低温复合相变材料的制备与性能[J]. 化工学报, 2019, 70(1): 290-297.

Sunxi ZHOU, Xuelai ZHANG, Sheng LIU, Qiyang CHEN, Xiaofeng XU, Yinghui WANG. Preparation and properties of decyl alcohol-palmitic acid/expanded graphite low temperature composite phase change material[J]. CIESC Journal, 2019, 70(1): 290-297.

图/表 12

表1 实验仪器

Table 1 Experimental instruments

Equipment	Model	Accuracy
precision electronic balance	MSl05DU	±0.01 mg
magnetic stirrer	HJ-6A	—
cryogenic bath	DC-6515	±0.1℃
Agilent data acquisition instrument	34972A	±0.01℃
differential scanning calorimetry（DSC）	DSC200F3	temperature<0.1℃, enthalpy<0.1%
hot disk thermal constant analyzer	TPS500	<2%
electron microscope scanner(SEM)	KYKY-EM6000	—
box resistance furnace	SX2-4-10A	—
vacuum drying oven	DZF-6020	—
Fourier infrared spectrometer	TENSOR37	—
high and low temperature alternating box	YSGJW-100C	±0.5℃

图1 步冷实验装置

Fig.1 Step cooling experimental device

图2 DA-PA二元低共熔混合物的DSC曲线

Fig.2 DSC curve of DA-PA binary eutectic mixture

图3 DA-PA二元低共熔混合物的步冷曲线

Fig.3 Step cooling curve of DA-PA binary eutectic mixture

图4 热处理前后的DA-PA/EG

Fig.4 DA-PA/EG before and after heat treatment

表2 不同比例样品热处理前后质量变化

Table 2 Sample quality changes before and after heat treatment in different proportions

Proportion (DA-PA:EG)	Before heat treatment/g	After heat treatment/g	Mass loss/g	Percentage loss/%
10:1	0.40	0.398	0.002	0.50
11:1	0.40	0.398	0.002	0.50
12:1	0.40	0.398	0.002	0.50
13:1	0.40	0.397	0.003	0.75
14:1	0.40	0.396	0.004	1.00
15:1	0.40	0.396	0.004	1.00
16:1	0.40	0.374	0.026	6.50
17:1	0.40	0.372	0.028	7.00
18:1	0.40	0.358	0.042	10.5
19:1	0.40	0.351	0.049	12.25
20:1	0.40	0.343	0.057	14.25
21:1	0.40	0.326	0.074	18.50

图5 复合相变材料红外光谱图

Fig.5 Infrared spectra of composite phase change material

图6 EG、DA-PA/EG的电镜扫描图

Fig.6 Scanning electron microscope images of EG and DA-PA/EG

图7 DA-PA/EG的DSC曲线

Fig.7 DSC curve of DA-PA/EG

图8 添加EG前后相变材料的步冷曲线

Fig.8 Step cooling curves of phase change material before and after EG addition

图9 循环后DA-PA/EG的DSC曲线

Fig.9 DSC curve of DA-PA/EG after cycling

图10 DA-PA/EG循环前后的步冷曲线

Fig.10 Step cooling curves of DA-PA/EG before and after cycle

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