酯交换反应体系混合物料的介电特性

doi:10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20180105

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近几年来，微波在制备生物柴油的化学工艺中被广泛应用。而微波强化化学反应的实验研究和工程应用中存在很多限制因素，物料介电特性是其中一个重要因素。针对甲醇和菜籽油加入自制催化剂的酯交换反应体系，采用矢量网络分析仪测量不同反应条件下甲醇和菜籽油酯交换反应系统的介电系数，考察反应温度、醇油摩尔比、催化剂用量等因素对介电特性的影响规律。结合酯交换反应动力学，讨论反应温度变化对介电特性的影响，从而为微波加热酯交换反应过程的多物理仿真提供物料介电信息。

关键词: 生物柴油, 催化剂, 酯交换, 介电特性, 反应动力学

Abstract:

In recent years, microwave enhanced chemical reaction has been widely used in the chemistry technology of biodiesel. There are some limitations in the study of microwave technology in chemical engineering applications. The dielectric properties of materials are one of the most important factors. Based on the transesterification reaction system of methanol and rapeseed oil with self-made catalyst, the dielectric constant of methanol and rapeseed oil transesterification system under different reaction conditions was measured by vector network analyser. The effects of reaction temperature, molar ratio of methanol to oil and the dielectric properties of the catalyst, were discussed based on experimental results. Combined with the kinetics of transesterification reaction, the influence of reaction temperature on the dielectric properties was discussed to provide material dielectric information for multi-physics simulation of transesterification under microwave heating.

Key words: biodiesel, catalyst, transesterification, dielectric properties, reaction kinetics

中图分类号:

TN015
O621.2

宋睿, 金光远, 崔政伟, 宋春芳, 陈海英. 酯交换反应体系混合物料的介电特性[J]. 化工学报, 2018, 69(8): 3670-3677.

SONG Rui, JIN Guangyuan, CUI Zhengwei, SONG Chunfang, CHEN Haiying. Dielectric properties of mixed materials in transesterification reaction system[J]. CIESC Journal, 2018, 69(8): 3670-3677.

参考文献 29

[1]	金钦汉. 微波化学[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 2001:32-33. JIN Q H. Microwave Chemistry[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 2001:32-33.
[2]	PITCHAI K, BIRLA S L, SUBBIAH J, et al. Coupled electromagnetic and heat transfer model for microwave heating in domestic ovens[J]. Journal of Food Engineering, 2012, 112(1/2):100-111.
[3]	HASAN S W U, ANI F N. Review of limiting issues in industrialization and scale-up of microwave-assisted activated carbon production[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2014, 53(31):12185-12191.
[4]	MILANOVIC I, VUKOBRATOVIC R, RAICEVIC V. Mathematical modelling of the effect of temperature on the rate of a chemical reaction[J]. Croatian Journal Educational, 2012, 14(3):681-709.
[5]	BENSON D A, BOLSTER D, MEERSCHAERT M M. The effect of imperfect mixing on the rates(and governing equations) of chemical reactions[J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2012, 37(1):276-289.
[6]	朱新华, 郭文川. 影响食品射频-微波介电特性的因素及影响机理分析[J]. 食品科学, 2010, 31(17):410-414. ZHU X H, GUO W C. Influence factors and mechanism of food radio frequency and microwave dielectric properties[J]. Food Science, 2010, 31(17):410-414.
[7]	伍潇洁, 万云雷, 韩红霞, 等. 电磁波频率和温度对稻谷介电特性的影响[J]. 食品科技, 2016, (11):163-167. WU X J, WAN Y L, HAN H X, et al. Influence of frequency and temperature of electromagnetic wave on the electrical properties of Inatani Suke[J]. Food Technology, 2016, (11):163-167.
[8]	郭文川, 吕俊峰, 谷洪超. 微波频率和温度对食用植物油介电特性的影响[J]. 农业机械学报, 2009, 40(8):124-129. GUO W C, LÜ J F, GU H C. The frequency and temperature effect on the microwave dielectric properties of edible vegetable oil[J]. Journal of Agricultural Machinery, 2009, 40(8):124-129.
[9]	FRANCISCA F M, MONTORO M A. Measuring the dielectric properties of soil-organic mixtures using coaxial impedance dielectric reflectometry[J]. Journal of Applied Geophysics, 2012, 80(80):101-109.
[10]	黄卡玛, 凌小平, 杨晓庆, 等. 微波频率下乙酸乙酯皂化反应等效介电系数的实验研究[J]. 电子学报, 2004, 32(5):833-835. HUANG K M, LING X P, YANG X Q, et al. Experimental study on the equivalent dielectric coefficient of saponification reaction of ethyl acetate at microwave frequency[J]. Journal of Electronics, 2004, 32(5):833-835.
[11]	华伟, 包建军, 杨晓庆, 等. 2.45GHz微波频率下有机二元体系溶液等效介电系数新特性的实验研究[J]. 电子学报, 2006, 34(5):828-832. HUA W, BAO J J, YANG X Q, et al. Experimental study on the new dielectric properties of the organic two element system under 2.45GHz microwave frequency[J]. Proceedings of the Chinese Society of Electronics, 2006, 34(5):828-832.
[12]	HE B B, SINGH A P, THOMPSON J C. Experimental optimization of a continuous-flow reactive distillation reactor for biodiesel production[J]. Transactions of the ASAE, 2005, 48(6):2237-2243.
[13]	褚鸿博, 赵红. 菜籽油制备生物柴油适宜工艺条件及粘度与产率关系的探讨[J]. 天然气化工(C1化学与化工), 2010, 35(2):50-52. CHU H B, ZHAO H. Discussion on the optimum process conditions and the relationship between viscosity and yield of biodiesel from rapeseed oil[J].Cumber Chemical, 2010, 35(2):50-52.
[14]	田珩, 杨世娟, 秦永剑, 等. 不同热源下均相催化制备生物柴油的研究[J]. 生物质化学工程, 2011, 45(2):29-33. TIAN H, YANG S J, QIN Y J, et al. Research on the preparation of biodiesel under the homogeneous phase catalysis under different heat sources[J]. Biomass Chemical Engineering, 2011, 45(2):29-33.
[15]	邵艺, 崔政伟, 陈海英. 微波辅助炭基固体酸催化地沟油制备生物柴油[J]. 食品与生物技术学报, 2016, 35(3):258-264. SHAO Y, CUI Z W, CHEN H Y. Microwave assisted carbon based solid acid catalyzed gutter oil preparation of biodiesel[J]. Food and Biotechnology Journal, 2016, 35(3):258-264.
[16]	中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局, 中国国家标准化管理委员会.动植物油脂酸值和酸度测定:GB/T 5530-2005[S]. 北京:中国标准出版社, 2005:2-4. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China. Determination of acid value and acidity of animal and plant oils and fats:GB/T 5530-2005[S]. Beijing:Standards Press of China, 2005:2-4.
[17]	王九, 吴江, 方建华, 等. 生物柴油生产及应用技术[M]. 北京:中国石化出版社, 2013:3. WANG J, WU J, FANG J H, et al. Biodiesel Production and Application Technology[M]. Beijing:China Petrochemical Press, 2013:3.
[18]	张勇. 固体非均匀混合介质频域介电特性测量理论与方法研究[D]. 西安:长安大学, 2014. ZHANG Y. Measurement of dielectric properties of heterogeneous mixed media in the frequency domain theory and method of measurement[D]. Xi'an:Chang'an University, 2014.
[19]	张康, 武彤, 滕俊恒, 等. 开口同轴探头横电磁波模型法测量液体复介电常数[J]. 电子测量与仪器学报, 2015, 29(7):945-952. ZHANG K, WU T, TENG J H, et al. Open coaxial probe transverse electromagnetic wave model method for measuring liquid complex permittivity[J]. Journal of Electronic Measurement and Instrumentation, 2015, 29(7):945-952.
[20]	王琴. 微波加热过程中食品物料介电特性检测研究[D]. 哈尔滨:东北农业大学, 2014. WANG Q. Detection of dielectric properties of food materials during microwave heating[D]. Harbin:Northeast Agricultural University, 2014.
[21]	华伟. 复杂电磁媒质介电系数测量方法及实验研究[D]. 成都:四川大学, 2006. HUA W. Measurement method and experimental study of dielectric coefficient of complex electromagnetic medium[D]. Chengdu:Sichuan University, 2006.
[22]	郝绍杰, 韩晓东. 矢量网络分析仪硬件性能对测量结果的分析[J]. 国外电子测量技术, 2016, 35(1):28-32. HAO S J, HAN X D. Analysis of the measurement results of hardware performance of vector network analyzer[J]. Foreign Electronic Measurement Technology, 2016, 35(1):28-32.
[23]	尤嘉, 宣银良. 矢量网络分析仪校准和验证的常见误区[J]. 国外电子测量技术, 2016, 35(4):1-6. YOU J, XUAN Y L. Vector network analyzer calibration and validation of common misconceptions about[J]. Foreign Electronic Measurement Technology, 2016, 35(4):1-6.
[24]	袁春花. 多端口矢量网络分析仪的校准与修正[D]. 南京:南京航空航天大学, 2012. YUAN C H. Calibration and correction of multi port vector network analyzer[D]. Nanjing:Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics, 2012.
[25]	百科科学词条:介电常数[OL].[2017-11-14]. https://baike.baidu.com/item/介电常数. Encyclopedia Science:Permittivity[OL].[2017-11-14]. https://baike.baidu.com/item/permittivity.
[26]	斯卡那维. 电介质物理学[M]. 北京:高等教育出版社, 1958:22-105. OSCARNARVIГИ. Dielectric Physics[M]. Beijing:Higher Education Press, 1958:22-105.
[27]	李昌珠, 蒋丽娟, 程树棋, 等. 生物柴油——绿色能源[M]. 北京:化学工业出版社, 2005:144-150. LI C Z, JIANG L J, CHENG S Q, et al. Biodiesel-Green Energy[M]. Beijing:Chemical Industry Press, 2005:144-150.
[28]	张秋云, 杨松, 李虎. 制备生物柴油的固体酸催化剂研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2013, 32(3):575-583. ZHANG Q Y, YANG S, LI H. Research progress of solid acid catalysts for biodiesel production[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2013, 32(3):575-583.
[29]	山文斌, 董秀芹, 张敏华. 非均相法催化制备生物柴油的最新研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2013, 32(6):1261-1266. SHAN W B, DONG X Q, ZHANG M H. Recent progress in catalytic preparation of biodiesel by heterogeneous method[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2013, 32(6):1261-1266.