化工学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 71 ›› Issue (S1): 361-367.doi: 10.11949/0438-1157.20191092

• 能源和环境工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于相变材料的太阳能PV/T系统性能

张晨宇1(),王宁1,2,徐洪涛1(),张剑飞2,曹萌1   

  1. 1.上海理工大学能源与动力工程学院，上海市动力工程多相流动与传热重点实验室，上海 200093
    2.西安交通大学 热流科学与工程教育部重点实验室，陕西 西安 710049
    3.Isfahan Saman Energy Company, Isfahan, Iran
  • 收稿日期:2019-10-07 修回日期:2019-10-22 出版日期:2020-04-25 发布日期:2020-05-22
  • 通讯作者: 徐洪涛 E-mail:chenyuz0131@163.com;htxu@usst.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:张晨宇（1995—），女，硕士研究生，chenyuz0131@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFF0216003);上海市国际科技合作基金项目18160743600

Photovoltaic and thermal performance of solar PV/T system with phase change material

Chenyu ZHANG1(),Ning WANG1,2,Hongtao XU1(),Jianfei ZHANG2,Meng CAO1,Talkhoncheh Fariborz Karimi3   

  1. 1.Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
    2.MOE Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, Shaanxi, China
    3.Isfahan Saman Energy Company, Isfahan, Iran
  • Received:2019-10-07 Revised:2019-10-22 Online:2020-04-25 Published:2020-05-22
  • Contact: Hongtao XU E-mail:chenyuz0131@163.com;htxu@usst.edu.cn

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摘要：

利用相变材料（phase change material, PCM）的定温储放热特性，将脂肪酸类PCM填充在装有金属肋片的集热器中，对太阳能光伏（photovoltaic, PV）板进行温度调控，实验分析了不同间歇性热量调控策略下PV/T（photovoltaic/thermal）-PCM系统宏观性能。结果表明：PCM能有效缓解光伏电池的温度波动，但系统运行中PCM的温度分层现象较为严重，制约了其实际利用率；合理的热量调控策略对防止PV/T-PCM系统中光伏电池过热及提升系统性能至关重要，数据显示工况二（调控温度设为45℃，调控时长30 min）和工况三（调控温度设为50℃，调控时长30 min）在调控前后，其光电转换效率分别提升3.4%和2.6%；工况二对应的系统总效率为90.8%，工况三为84.45%，均在工况一（无调控）的基础上有显著提升。

关键词: 太阳能, PV/T-PCM 系统, 传热, 相变材料, 调控策略

Abstract:

This paper based on the phase change heat storage and release characteristics of phase change material (PCM). The fatty acid PCM is filled in a collector equipped with metal fins to regulate the temperature of the photovoltaic (PV) plate. The performance of photovoltaic/thermal-PCM (PV/T-PCM) system under different intermittent thermal regulation strategy is analyzed. Results show that PCM can effectively alleviate the temperature fluctuation of PV cells. However, the temperature stratification phenomenon of PCM is still serious which restricts the utilization rate of PCM. A reasonable thermal regulation strategy plays an important role in preventing overheating of PV cells in PV/T-PCM systems and improving system performance. The data shows that the PV conversion efficiency can be increased by 3.4% and 2.6% respectively with the control of the Case 2 (control temperature is set to 45℃, the regulation time is 30 min) and the Case 3 (control temperature is set to 50℃, the regulation time is 30 min). On the other hand, the total efficiencies of the system in Case 2 and Case 3 are 90.8% and 84.45%, which are significantly improved compared with Case 1 (no regulation).

Key words: solar energy, PV/T-PCM system, heat transfer, phase change material, regulation strategy

中图分类号: 

  • TK 123

图1

实验系统流程"

表1

实验工况"

实验工况实验时间调控标准调控时长水流量
工况一（2018-7-13）9:30~14:30———
工况二（2018-10-1）10:00~15:00TⅠ-1=45℃30 min1.7 L·min-1
工况三（2018-10-2）10:00~15:00TⅠ-1=50℃30 min1.7 L·min-1

图2

集热器结构及热电偶位置布置"

图3

工况一中太阳辐射密度及实验测量结果"

表2

PCM的热物性"

参数熔点/℃

密度/

(kg·m-3)

比热容/

(kJ·kg-1·℃-1)

热导率/

(W·m-1·℃-1)

潜热/

(kJ·kg-1)

固态379202.20.25216
液态8402.60.15

表3

测试仪器"

测量仪器型号测量范围
T型热电偶TT-T-30-SLE-120~150℃
大气温度传感器YGC-QW-24 V-A1-20~50℃
辐射传感器YGC-TBQ-24 V-A10~2000 W·m-2
循环泵ORS20-16G-320 W最大流量110 L·min-1
涡轮流量计YYLED-DN2040~250 L·h-1
电子负载IT8511A+—
数据采集仪NI 9213, NI 9203—

图4

工况一中PCM的温度变化及熔化时的相变界面"

图5

光伏电池的温度变化"

表4

PV/T-PCM系统的热、电效率及系统的总效率"

实验工况ηth /%ηel /%ηtotal /%
调控前调控后平均
工况一69.812.2——82.0
工况二78.711.912.312.190.8
工况三72.611.712.011.8584.45
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